Followings are tips worth pondering for your coming test...
1) Make sure you know the differences between scalar and vector quantities. You also need to know how to categorise some of the commonly used quantities between these two.
2) You ought to know all the Newton's Laws of Motion inside out.
3) You also need to know all the formulae within these two chapter.
4) Make sure you know the types of friction.
5) Calculations wise, please note the following;
a) Know how to calculate displacement.
b) Know how to calculate lever (Principle of Moment)
c) Know how to handle pulley systems.
d) Know how to solve energy problems.
Saturday, July 21, 2012
Saturday, March 31, 2012
1st Term Exam Tips for Junior 3 SCIENCE 2012
Exam coverage: Form 1 PMR: ALL chapters (chap 1 – chap 7)
Form 3 PMR: Chapters 1 to 5
Junior 3 UEC: Chapter 19 to 22 (last four chapters of the textbook)
a) Must revise the set of questions given during the March Holidays class. All Form 1 PMR questions in Paper 2 come directly from this set of questions.
b) It pays if you can glance through your Form 1 PMR Volume 1 and Volume 2 textbooks.
2. Form 3 PMR section
Chapter 1 – Respiratory System
a) Pathway of inhale and exhale air. Refer to the diagram in page 2.
b) Know the working mechanics of the model of the human respiratory system in page 3.
c) Should understand the process of gas exchange between alveoli and the capillaries. (pg 5)
d) Should know all about haemoglobin; its colour, its type and its function (pg 5)
e) Aware of the air pollutants, its effects and its source. (pg 6 – 8)
f) Respiratory diseases that are caused by air pollutants. (pg 8 & ) Note: Tuberculosis (TB) is not considered here because it is not caused by air pollutants but by bacteria.
g) Must understand the working mechanics of the apparatus used to observed and identify harmful substances in cigarette smoke. (pg 10)
Chapter 2 – Blood Circulatory System in Human and Transport System in Plants
a) Direction of flow of blood within the heart as well as the heart structure. (pg16)
b) Know all that you can about the three types of blood vessel. (pg 17 & 18) Note: Refer to your notes taken during lesson will be extremely helpful.
c) Understand the constituents of blood and their functions (pg 20 & 21)
d) Be clear about human blood group. (pg 21) Note: If you have time, it is good to refer to Junior 2 UEC textbook page 261 to page 264 to have better understanding on point (c) and point (d).
e) Know the definition of transpiration (pg 23), rate of transpiration (pg 24) and the roles of transpiration (pg 27).
f) Have a general understanding of vascular bundle.
Chapter 3 – Excretory System
a) Type of excretory system organs in human and their excretion. (pg 35)
b) Must know the structure and labels of both human urinary system and the internal structure of kidney. (pg 36 & 37)
c) Have a basic knowledge know of the function of kidney and the dialysis machine can be very helpful.
d) There are only two excretory ways mentioned about plants in this chapter; through stomata and by shedding. Should know how to differentiate both and what they excrete. Have basic knowledge of helpful and harmful excretory products of plants. (pg 39 & 40)
Chapter 4 – Reproduction (merge this chapter with Chapter 20 of the UEC textbook)
a) Why reproduce? (PMR pg 46) Types of reproduction? (PMR pg 46) Ways of reproduction of each type? (PMR pg 46 – 48 & UEC pg 269 – 270)
b) Reproduction in insects – metamorphosis (UEC pg 272); Reproduction in fish – oviparity and ovoviviparity (UEC pg 273); Reproduction of amphibian (frog) – from tadpole to frog (UEC pg 273); Reproduction of bird – cloaca and single ovary (UEC pg 274) and structure of egg (UEC pg 275).
c) Male and female reproductive organ in human and the function or description of each parts. (PMR pg 50 – 51; UEC pg 275 – 276).
d) Pregnancy (PMR pg 55 – 56 ; UEC pg 279) Note: The diagram you are asked to copy during lesson on the stages of pregnancy is very very very very very very very helpful.
e) Understand twins (UEC pg 282)
f) Sterility (PMR pg 58) and birth control (PMR pg 59 – 60). Note: Clear about IVF (PMR pg 59) and the difference about vasectomy and ligation (PMR pg 60)
g) Reproduction in flowering plants is all about three very important words.
i) Pollination (PMR pg 64 – 66)
ii) Fertilisation (PMR pg 67)
iii) Germination (PMR pg 69 – 72)
h) Basic knowledge about vegetative reproduction will be sufficient.
Chapter 5 – Human Growth
a) Understand the growth curve of human. (pg 83)
b) Know the growth curve of boys and girls. (pg 84)
3. Junior 3 UEC section
Chapter 19 – Endocrine System
a) Get through page 266 and page 267
Chapter 20 – Reproduction
Refer to the points in Form 3 PMR section under Chpater 4 – Reproduction.
Chapter 21 – Heredity
a) Definition of terminologies
i) heredity (pg 287)
ii) chromosome (pg 287)
iii) gene (pg 287)
iv) alleles (pg 287)
v) dominant and recessive (pg 287)
vi) homozygous and heterozygous (pg 290)
vii) autosomes (pg 291)
viii) mutation (pg 293)
b) Must be able to draw heredity chart like the ones shown in page 291 and 292.
c) Heredity diseases (pg 293)
Chapter 22 – Ecology
a) Biotic and Abiotic factors (pg 296 and 297)
b) Food chain and food web (pg 297)
c) Terminologies used for interaction of living organisms. (pg 298 – 300)
d) Nitrogen cycle (pg 301)
e) Types of ecosystems (pg 302)
Please note:
This list is quite exhaustive but in reality, it is quite direct. It is helpful to note that you should not spend more than 30 minutes on any of the chapters. Basically you only need to give a full 1 hour for each section with preferably 15 minutes break in between each section.
Form 3 PMR: Chapters 1 to 5
Junior 3 UEC: Chapter 19 to 22 (last four chapters of the textbook)
Exam format: Paper 1 – 50 objective questions (50%)
Paper 2 – 9 structured questions (50%)Marks distribution: About 30% are allocated to Form 1 PMR questions while the rest go to Form 3 PMR and Junior 3 UEC questions.
Points to note:
1. Form 1 PMR sectiona) Must revise the set of questions given during the March Holidays class. All Form 1 PMR questions in Paper 2 come directly from this set of questions.
b) It pays if you can glance through your Form 1 PMR Volume 1 and Volume 2 textbooks.
2. Form 3 PMR section
Chapter 1 – Respiratory System
a) Pathway of inhale and exhale air. Refer to the diagram in page 2.
b) Know the working mechanics of the model of the human respiratory system in page 3.
c) Should understand the process of gas exchange between alveoli and the capillaries. (pg 5)
d) Should know all about haemoglobin; its colour, its type and its function (pg 5)
e) Aware of the air pollutants, its effects and its source. (pg 6 – 8)
f) Respiratory diseases that are caused by air pollutants. (pg 8 & ) Note: Tuberculosis (TB) is not considered here because it is not caused by air pollutants but by bacteria.
g) Must understand the working mechanics of the apparatus used to observed and identify harmful substances in cigarette smoke. (pg 10)
Chapter 2 – Blood Circulatory System in Human and Transport System in Plants
a) Direction of flow of blood within the heart as well as the heart structure. (pg16)
b) Know all that you can about the three types of blood vessel. (pg 17 & 18) Note: Refer to your notes taken during lesson will be extremely helpful.
c) Understand the constituents of blood and their functions (pg 20 & 21)
d) Be clear about human blood group. (pg 21) Note: If you have time, it is good to refer to Junior 2 UEC textbook page 261 to page 264 to have better understanding on point (c) and point (d).
e) Know the definition of transpiration (pg 23), rate of transpiration (pg 24) and the roles of transpiration (pg 27).
f) Have a general understanding of vascular bundle.
Chapter 3 – Excretory System
a) Type of excretory system organs in human and their excretion. (pg 35)
b) Must know the structure and labels of both human urinary system and the internal structure of kidney. (pg 36 & 37)
c) Have a basic knowledge know of the function of kidney and the dialysis machine can be very helpful.
d) There are only two excretory ways mentioned about plants in this chapter; through stomata and by shedding. Should know how to differentiate both and what they excrete. Have basic knowledge of helpful and harmful excretory products of plants. (pg 39 & 40)
Chapter 4 – Reproduction (merge this chapter with Chapter 20 of the UEC textbook)
a) Why reproduce? (PMR pg 46) Types of reproduction? (PMR pg 46) Ways of reproduction of each type? (PMR pg 46 – 48 & UEC pg 269 – 270)
b) Reproduction in insects – metamorphosis (UEC pg 272); Reproduction in fish – oviparity and ovoviviparity (UEC pg 273); Reproduction of amphibian (frog) – from tadpole to frog (UEC pg 273); Reproduction of bird – cloaca and single ovary (UEC pg 274) and structure of egg (UEC pg 275).
c) Male and female reproductive organ in human and the function or description of each parts. (PMR pg 50 – 51; UEC pg 275 – 276).
d) Pregnancy (PMR pg 55 – 56 ; UEC pg 279) Note: The diagram you are asked to copy during lesson on the stages of pregnancy is very very very very very very very helpful.
e) Understand twins (UEC pg 282)
f) Sterility (PMR pg 58) and birth control (PMR pg 59 – 60). Note: Clear about IVF (PMR pg 59) and the difference about vasectomy and ligation (PMR pg 60)
g) Reproduction in flowering plants is all about three very important words.
i) Pollination (PMR pg 64 – 66)
ii) Fertilisation (PMR pg 67)
iii) Germination (PMR pg 69 – 72)
h) Basic knowledge about vegetative reproduction will be sufficient.
Chapter 5 – Human Growth
a) Understand the growth curve of human. (pg 83)
b) Know the growth curve of boys and girls. (pg 84)
3. Junior 3 UEC section
Chapter 19 – Endocrine System
a) Get through page 266 and page 267
Chapter 20 – Reproduction
Refer to the points in Form 3 PMR section under Chpater 4 – Reproduction.
Chapter 21 – Heredity
a) Definition of terminologies
i) heredity (pg 287)
ii) chromosome (pg 287)
iii) gene (pg 287)
iv) alleles (pg 287)
v) dominant and recessive (pg 287)
vi) homozygous and heterozygous (pg 290)
vii) autosomes (pg 291)
viii) mutation (pg 293)
b) Must be able to draw heredity chart like the ones shown in page 291 and 292.
c) Heredity diseases (pg 293)
Chapter 22 – Ecology
a) Biotic and Abiotic factors (pg 296 and 297)
b) Food chain and food web (pg 297)
c) Terminologies used for interaction of living organisms. (pg 298 – 300)
d) Nitrogen cycle (pg 301)
e) Types of ecosystems (pg 302)
Please note:
This list is quite exhaustive but in reality, it is quite direct. It is helpful to note that you should not spend more than 30 minutes on any of the chapters. Basically you only need to give a full 1 hour for each section with preferably 15 minutes break in between each section.
Good luck…
Thursday, January 5, 2012
For KOKUM Fencers 2011/2012
1. Understand how deadly sword fights evolve into a recreational sport.
2. Have good understanding on the important historic figures of the fencing world.
3. Able to differentiate the different weapons and the personalities of each weapon.
4. Technical understanding on the rules and important concepts of fencing.
5. Know as much as possible about the Olympics and its connection to fencing.
6. Brief understanding on the technicalities of weapons.
7. Answers for soft-skill questions are not definite but need to encompass logical common sense.
These are ONLY guides to assist you in your preparation. Good luck...
2. Have good understanding on the important historic figures of the fencing world.
3. Able to differentiate the different weapons and the personalities of each weapon.
4. Technical understanding on the rules and important concepts of fencing.
5. Know as much as possible about the Olympics and its connection to fencing.
6. Brief understanding on the technicalities of weapons.
7. Answers for soft-skill questions are not definite but need to encompass logical common sense.
These are ONLY guides to assist you in your preparation. Good luck...
Saturday, October 1, 2011
J2 Math Tips for Finals 2011
Section A: Objective Questions with 4 choices. Total 20 questions. 2 marks per correct answer. Total score is 40%.
Questions' distributions are as follow;
- Chapter 1, 2, 3, 6, and 8 will take up 8 of the 20 questions of Section A. Questions are based on numerical calculations.
- Chapter 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 and 15 will take up the remaining 12 questions. On average, 2 questions will come from each of these last 6 chapters.
Section B: Subjective Questions. Total 6 questions with sub-questions that add up to 10 marks per question. Total score is 60%.
Questions' distributions are as follow;
Chapter 10: Volume and Surface Area - 1 question
This is a diagram based question. Good revision exercises are RevEx10i (pg 203-206) questions 2 to 7, Past Year Questions 2004, P2 - 6(b), Past Year Question 2003, P2 - 6(a) and Past Year Question 2002, P2 - 6(b)
Chapter 11: Construction - 1 question
You need to have your compass, protractor and ruler ready for this chapter. This is skill based question where you need to draw the required angles and shapes. Base on your Math textbook, you need to know how to draw (A) and (B) on pg 210, (C) and (E) on pg 211, (F) and (H) on pg 212 and (I) on pg 215. Good revision exercises are Ex11a (pg216-217) all questions and Practice 18, 19 and Summative Test 7 of your blue workbook (pg27-31).
Chapter 12: Geometrical Transformations - 1 question
This question comes with 5 sub-questions. All sub-questions will be drawn on square grids. These sub-questions are as follow;
a) Reflection - Good revision exercise is Practice 33 of the blue workbook (pg50)
b) Translation - You MUST know the math behind translation matrix. Good revision exercises are Practice 32 of the blue workbook (pg49) and Ex12c (pg231-232) question 5-10.
c) Rotation - Determining the image of the rotated object. Good revision exercise is Ex12e (pg239-240) question 4-9.
d) Rotation - Determining the centre and angle of rotation. Good revision exercises are Ex12f (pg242-243) questions 3-5 and Practice 34 of the blue workbook (pg51 - also applicable to (c)).
e) Enlargement - Good revision exercises are Ex12g (pg247) and Ex12h (pg250) all questions.
Chapter 13: Sets - 1 question
You either need to sketch Venn diagrams based on the given expression or you need to identify the expression based on the given Venn diagrams. Good revisions and exercises are pg282 - further examples on Venn diagrams, Ex13l (pg286-288) questions 25-31 and RevEx13n (pg294-295) questions 24-26.
Chapter 14: Application of Sets - 1 question
2 sets formulation on pg299 and 3 sets formulation on pg306 is crucial for this question. You also need to be able to identify the least and greatest number based on 2 sets. Good revision exercises are Ex14a (pg301) questions 10-15, RevEx14d (pg312-314) question 8-20, 2004 (PYQ) P2 - 2, 2003 (PYQ) P2 - 2 and 2002 (PYQ) P2 - 2.
Chapter 15 - Counting System - 1 question
You need to know the conversions between decimal, octal and binary numbers as well as the arithmetic operational calculations. This question will be EXTREMELY creative and confusing but not necessarily challenging. Good revision exercise will be RevEx15f (pg325) all questions.
Some important reminders:
- This is a one and a half hour paper. Though the questions might not be too difficult, time can be a real challenge. So make sure you don't waste time.
- You need to bring your COMPASS, RULER and protractor for this exam. However calculators are NOT allowed.
GOOD LUCK
Questions' distributions are as follow;
- Chapter 1, 2, 3, 6, and 8 will take up 8 of the 20 questions of Section A. Questions are based on numerical calculations.
- Chapter 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 and 15 will take up the remaining 12 questions. On average, 2 questions will come from each of these last 6 chapters.
Section B: Subjective Questions. Total 6 questions with sub-questions that add up to 10 marks per question. Total score is 60%.
Questions' distributions are as follow;
Chapter 10: Volume and Surface Area - 1 question
This is a diagram based question. Good revision exercises are RevEx10i (pg 203-206) questions 2 to 7, Past Year Questions 2004, P2 - 6(b), Past Year Question 2003, P2 - 6(a) and Past Year Question 2002, P2 - 6(b)
Chapter 11: Construction - 1 question
You need to have your compass, protractor and ruler ready for this chapter. This is skill based question where you need to draw the required angles and shapes. Base on your Math textbook, you need to know how to draw (A) and (B) on pg 210, (C) and (E) on pg 211, (F) and (H) on pg 212 and (I) on pg 215. Good revision exercises are Ex11a (pg216-217) all questions and Practice 18, 19 and Summative Test 7 of your blue workbook (pg27-31).
Chapter 12: Geometrical Transformations - 1 question
This question comes with 5 sub-questions. All sub-questions will be drawn on square grids. These sub-questions are as follow;
a) Reflection - Good revision exercise is Practice 33 of the blue workbook (pg50)
b) Translation - You MUST know the math behind translation matrix. Good revision exercises are Practice 32 of the blue workbook (pg49) and Ex12c (pg231-232) question 5-10.
c) Rotation - Determining the image of the rotated object. Good revision exercise is Ex12e (pg239-240) question 4-9.
d) Rotation - Determining the centre and angle of rotation. Good revision exercises are Ex12f (pg242-243) questions 3-5 and Practice 34 of the blue workbook (pg51 - also applicable to (c)).
e) Enlargement - Good revision exercises are Ex12g (pg247) and Ex12h (pg250) all questions.
Chapter 13: Sets - 1 question
You either need to sketch Venn diagrams based on the given expression or you need to identify the expression based on the given Venn diagrams. Good revisions and exercises are pg282 - further examples on Venn diagrams, Ex13l (pg286-288) questions 25-31 and RevEx13n (pg294-295) questions 24-26.
Chapter 14: Application of Sets - 1 question
2 sets formulation on pg299 and 3 sets formulation on pg306 is crucial for this question. You also need to be able to identify the least and greatest number based on 2 sets. Good revision exercises are Ex14a (pg301) questions 10-15, RevEx14d (pg312-314) question 8-20, 2004 (PYQ) P2 - 2, 2003 (PYQ) P2 - 2 and 2002 (PYQ) P2 - 2.
Chapter 15 - Counting System - 1 question
You need to know the conversions between decimal, octal and binary numbers as well as the arithmetic operational calculations. This question will be EXTREMELY creative and confusing but not necessarily challenging. Good revision exercise will be RevEx15f (pg325) all questions.
Some important reminders:
- This is a one and a half hour paper. Though the questions might not be too difficult, time can be a real challenge. So make sure you don't waste time.
- You need to bring your COMPASS, RULER and protractor for this exam. However calculators are NOT allowed.
GOOD LUCK
Friday, July 8, 2011
J3 Sci ExamTips 4 2nd Term Exam '11
Paper 1: 50 questions. Every question is based on PMR syllabus.
Revise the Form 1, 2 and 3 workbooks. Also good to do the objective questions at the end of every chapter from Form 1 to Form 3 chapter 6. Average about 2 questions from each chapter.
Paper 2: This paper is divided into Biology, Chemistry and Physics sections and it follows the Jr UEC exam syllabus.
Section A: Biology - Answer any 2 of the 3 questions.
1st question: Plants
There are six things about plants that you must know. These are
1) Pollination
2) Fertilisation
3) Germination
4) Respiration
5) Transpiration
6) Photosynthesis
The question will be on one of these.
2nd question: Bodily systems of human
One of the following systems will be used for this question.
1) Digestive system
2) Blood circulatory system
3) Respiratory system
4) Reproductive system
3rd question: dLL
Pay attention to any one of the following.
1) Nutrition
2) Microorganism
3) Ecosystem
4) Heredity
Section B: Chemistry - Answer any 2 of the 3 questions.
1st question: Very chemistry
Focus on chapter 10, 11, 14 and 15 of J2 textbook. Question SHOULD (but can't really remember) include
1) chemical names and equations
2) valencies and molecular mass
3) acid and base with pH knowledge
4) reaction types
5) basic understanding of periodic table
2nd question: Metal and non-metal
Focus on chapter 8 and 9 of J2 textbook. Need to know everything as mentioned in these chapters.
3rd question: States of matter
Focus on chapter 5, 6 and 7 of J2 textbook. Need to know everything about solid, liquid and gas...
Section C: Physics - Answer any 1 of the 2 questions.
1st question: Chapter 1 - 5 of Jr 3 textbook
2nd question: Chapter 6 - 10 of Jr 3 textbook
Pay very special, very keen, very focused attention to all the subjective questions at the end of every chapter.
Good luck... people...
Revise the Form 1, 2 and 3 workbooks. Also good to do the objective questions at the end of every chapter from Form 1 to Form 3 chapter 6. Average about 2 questions from each chapter.
Paper 2: This paper is divided into Biology, Chemistry and Physics sections and it follows the Jr UEC exam syllabus.
Section A: Biology - Answer any 2 of the 3 questions.
1st question: Plants
There are six things about plants that you must know. These are
1) Pollination
2) Fertilisation
3) Germination
4) Respiration
5) Transpiration
6) Photosynthesis
The question will be on one of these.
2nd question: Bodily systems of human
One of the following systems will be used for this question.
1) Digestive system
2) Blood circulatory system
3) Respiratory system
4) Reproductive system
3rd question: dLL
Pay attention to any one of the following.
1) Nutrition
2) Microorganism
3) Ecosystem
4) Heredity
Section B: Chemistry - Answer any 2 of the 3 questions.
1st question: Very chemistry
Focus on chapter 10, 11, 14 and 15 of J2 textbook. Question SHOULD (but can't really remember) include
1) chemical names and equations
2) valencies and molecular mass
3) acid and base with pH knowledge
4) reaction types
5) basic understanding of periodic table
2nd question: Metal and non-metal
Focus on chapter 8 and 9 of J2 textbook. Need to know everything as mentioned in these chapters.
3rd question: States of matter
Focus on chapter 5, 6 and 7 of J2 textbook. Need to know everything about solid, liquid and gas...
Section C: Physics - Answer any 1 of the 2 questions.
1st question: Chapter 1 - 5 of Jr 3 textbook
2nd question: Chapter 6 - 10 of Jr 3 textbook
Pay very special, very keen, very focused attention to all the subjective questions at the end of every chapter.
Good luck... people...
Wednesday, April 6, 2011
J2 Factorisation Exercises - ANSWERS
7. 2(-x + 5)(x - 1)
8. (x + 1)(x - 2)
9. 2(y + 2)(y - 1)
10. 3(y + 1)(y - 5)
11. (3x + 2)(x - 2)
12. 2(x - 4)(x - 3)
13. 2(x - 5)(x + 2)
14. -
15. (x - 5)(x + 1)
16. -
17. (x + 3)(x - 2)
18. (x - 2)(x - 4)
19. (2x + 1)(x - 3)
20. 2(x - 1)(2x - 1)
21. (x + 3)(x - 3)
22. (x + 5)(x - 5)
23. (-4x - 3)(x - 1)
24. (x - 4)(x + 6)
25. (2x - 9)(x + 2)
8. (x + 1)(x - 2)
9. 2(y + 2)(y - 1)
10. 3(y + 1)(y - 5)
11. (3x + 2)(x - 2)
12. 2(x - 4)(x - 3)
13. 2(x - 5)(x + 2)
14. -
15. (x - 5)(x + 1)
16. -
17. (x + 3)(x - 2)
18. (x - 2)(x - 4)
19. (2x + 1)(x - 3)
20. 2(x - 1)(2x - 1)
21. (x + 3)(x - 3)
22. (x + 5)(x - 5)
23. (-4x - 3)(x - 1)
24. (x - 4)(x + 6)
25. (2x - 9)(x + 2)
Friday, April 1, 2011
Questions on Heat for J2 and J3
Heat Problems
1. Calculate the heat energy required to heat 200.0 g of water for soup from 10 degree C to boiling point.
2. What amount of heat is needed to heat 50.0 kg of water in a dishwasher from 10 degree C to 70 degree C?
3. You have 2.50 kg of mercury at 22 degree C. You find that it requires 3.20 x 103 J of energy to raise its temperature to 32 degree C. Calculate the specific heat capacity of mercury.
4. To raise the temperature of 400.0 g of gold from 50 degree C to 75 degree C, 1.3 kJ of energy is needed. What is the specific heat capacity of gold?
5. A piece of metal with a mass of 500.0g is put into boiling water until it is the same temperature as the boiling water. It is then transferred very quickly into 200.0g of water, which is 20 degree C. The final temperature of the water and metal is 30 degree C.
a) How many joules of energy did the 200.0 g of water absorb as it was heated?
b) How many joules of energy did the metal release as it cooled?
c) What is the specific heat of the metal?
6. To cool 400. g of a solid having an initial temperature of 85 degree C, you put it into 200.g of water at 15 degree C. If the final temperature of the solid and water is 35 degree C, determine the specific heat capacity of the unknown substance.
7. 3.00 x 104 J of heat energy is added to a 1.00 kg block of aluminum that has an initial temperature of 10 degree C. The specific heat for aluminum is 9.20 x 102 J/kg°C. Calculate the final temperature.
8. An unknown piece of metal that has 0.200 kg mass is heated to 350 degree C. It is quickly placed in 0.250 kg of water at 20 degree C, which is contained in a 225 g aluminum calorimeter. The final temperature of the metal, water, and calorimeter is 38 degree C. What is the specific heat capacity of the unknown metal?
9. A 10.0 kg piece of brass at 71 degree C is placed in 20.0 kg of water that is 10 degree C. What is the final temperature of the brass and water?
Latent Heat Problems
1. Which takes more heat, melting ice or evaporating water?
2. Explain why ice is useful in coolers.
3. How much heat is given off when 3.2 kg of water freeze? Assume the temperature stays constant at 0ºC.
4. How much heat is required to change 2.5 kg of water at 20ºC to steam at 150ºC?
5. How much heat is needed to change 2.0 kg of silver at 20ºC into liquid silver? Silver melts at 961ºC.
6. How much heat is needed to change 0.50kg of ice at –20ºC into steam at 120ºC?
7. How much heat is released when 500g of steam at 250ºC is cooled to ice at –40ºC?
1. Calculate the heat energy required to heat 200.0 g of water for soup from 10 degree C to boiling point.
2. What amount of heat is needed to heat 50.0 kg of water in a dishwasher from 10 degree C to 70 degree C?
3. You have 2.50 kg of mercury at 22 degree C. You find that it requires 3.20 x 103 J of energy to raise its temperature to 32 degree C. Calculate the specific heat capacity of mercury.
4. To raise the temperature of 400.0 g of gold from 50 degree C to 75 degree C, 1.3 kJ of energy is needed. What is the specific heat capacity of gold?
5. A piece of metal with a mass of 500.0g is put into boiling water until it is the same temperature as the boiling water. It is then transferred very quickly into 200.0g of water, which is 20 degree C. The final temperature of the water and metal is 30 degree C.
a) How many joules of energy did the 200.0 g of water absorb as it was heated?
b) How many joules of energy did the metal release as it cooled?
c) What is the specific heat of the metal?
6. To cool 400. g of a solid having an initial temperature of 85 degree C, you put it into 200.g of water at 15 degree C. If the final temperature of the solid and water is 35 degree C, determine the specific heat capacity of the unknown substance.
7. 3.00 x 104 J of heat energy is added to a 1.00 kg block of aluminum that has an initial temperature of 10 degree C. The specific heat for aluminum is 9.20 x 102 J/kg°C. Calculate the final temperature.
8. An unknown piece of metal that has 0.200 kg mass is heated to 350 degree C. It is quickly placed in 0.250 kg of water at 20 degree C, which is contained in a 225 g aluminum calorimeter. The final temperature of the metal, water, and calorimeter is 38 degree C. What is the specific heat capacity of the unknown metal?
9. A 10.0 kg piece of brass at 71 degree C is placed in 20.0 kg of water that is 10 degree C. What is the final temperature of the brass and water?
Latent Heat Problems
1. Which takes more heat, melting ice or evaporating water?
2. Explain why ice is useful in coolers.
3. How much heat is given off when 3.2 kg of water freeze? Assume the temperature stays constant at 0ºC.
4. How much heat is required to change 2.5 kg of water at 20ºC to steam at 150ºC?
5. How much heat is needed to change 2.0 kg of silver at 20ºC into liquid silver? Silver melts at 961ºC.
6. How much heat is needed to change 0.50kg of ice at –20ºC into steam at 120ºC?
7. How much heat is released when 500g of steam at 250ºC is cooled to ice at –40ºC?
Sunday, March 27, 2011
J1 Science 1st Term 2011 Exam Tips
PMR Textbook Chapter 1
pg 3 - know what is natural phenomena
pg 6 - careers related in Science
pg 9 - hazard and hazard warning symbols
pg 10 & 11 - laboratory apparatus; know the names and symbols of these apparatus
pg 12 - luminous and non-luminous flames; need to know their characteristics
pg 13 - steps in scientific investigation
pg 19 & 20 - physical quantities and their units include metric prefixes. Need to know the math behind these.
pg 21 & 22 - Mass and weight. How to calculate the differences in weight on earth and moon? What balances are used to measure mass and weight?
pg 24 to 31 - correctly using measuring tools. Where you eyes should be when you are reading the scale of a ruler or the measuring cylinder? What can you measure if you only have string and ruler? How do you use callipers to measure internal and external diameters? How do you measure volume? How to measure volume of irregular objects?
PMR Textbook Chapter 2
pg 39 - what is cell?
pg 40 - microscope. Need to know who to label a microscope. Also need to understand the function of every part.
pg 41 - animal and plant cell. Need to know their similarities and differences as well as the function of each structure.
pg 46 - able to identify unicellular and multicellular organisms
pg 49 - organisation of cells. Also need to know examples of different cells, tissues, organs and systems.
pg 50 - memorise all the systems of the human body
Look through these experiments in the PMR textbook
pg 16 - activity 1.2
pg 25 - activity 1.5
pg 26 - activity 1.6
pg 29 - activity 1.8
pg 43 - activity 2.2
pg 44 - activity 2.3
UEC Textbook Introduction
pg i - common laboratory apparatus - know the name and their symbols
pg v - labelling flame
pg vii & viii - filtration, evaporation and distillation. Understand what are these and when or why to use.
UEC Textbook Chapter 1
pg 3 - summary table. Know what and when to use certain measuring tools.
Most of chapter 1 is similar to information found in PMR textbook chapter 1.
UEC Textbook Chapter 2
pg 10 & 11 - know all the 8 characteristics of living things
pg 12 - know the relationships between protoplasm, cytoplasm and nucleus
The rest of chapter 2 is similar to PMR textbook chapter 2
UEC Textbook Chapter 3
pg 17 - know how primitive life began. Able to define these 6 terminologies; 1) evolution 2) theory of evolution 3) evidence of evolution 4) natural selection 5) survival of the fittest 6) heredity and variation
UEC Textbook Chapter 4
pg 20 - need to know the number of kingdoms being classified by Haeckel and after Haeckel and name these kingdoms. Also need to know the modes of nutrition of different organisms.
pg 3 - know what is natural phenomena
pg 6 - careers related in Science
pg 9 - hazard and hazard warning symbols
pg 10 & 11 - laboratory apparatus; know the names and symbols of these apparatus
pg 12 - luminous and non-luminous flames; need to know their characteristics
pg 13 - steps in scientific investigation
pg 19 & 20 - physical quantities and their units include metric prefixes. Need to know the math behind these.
pg 21 & 22 - Mass and weight. How to calculate the differences in weight on earth and moon? What balances are used to measure mass and weight?
pg 24 to 31 - correctly using measuring tools. Where you eyes should be when you are reading the scale of a ruler or the measuring cylinder? What can you measure if you only have string and ruler? How do you use callipers to measure internal and external diameters? How do you measure volume? How to measure volume of irregular objects?
PMR Textbook Chapter 2
pg 39 - what is cell?
pg 40 - microscope. Need to know who to label a microscope. Also need to understand the function of every part.
pg 41 - animal and plant cell. Need to know their similarities and differences as well as the function of each structure.
pg 46 - able to identify unicellular and multicellular organisms
pg 49 - organisation of cells. Also need to know examples of different cells, tissues, organs and systems.
pg 50 - memorise all the systems of the human body
Look through these experiments in the PMR textbook
pg 16 - activity 1.2
pg 25 - activity 1.5
pg 26 - activity 1.6
pg 29 - activity 1.8
pg 43 - activity 2.2
pg 44 - activity 2.3
UEC Textbook Introduction
pg i - common laboratory apparatus - know the name and their symbols
pg v - labelling flame
pg vii & viii - filtration, evaporation and distillation. Understand what are these and when or why to use.
UEC Textbook Chapter 1
pg 3 - summary table. Know what and when to use certain measuring tools.
Most of chapter 1 is similar to information found in PMR textbook chapter 1.
UEC Textbook Chapter 2
pg 10 & 11 - know all the 8 characteristics of living things
pg 12 - know the relationships between protoplasm, cytoplasm and nucleus
The rest of chapter 2 is similar to PMR textbook chapter 2
UEC Textbook Chapter 3
pg 17 - know how primitive life began. Able to define these 6 terminologies; 1) evolution 2) theory of evolution 3) evidence of evolution 4) natural selection 5) survival of the fittest 6) heredity and variation
UEC Textbook Chapter 4
pg 20 - need to know the number of kingdoms being classified by Haeckel and after Haeckel and name these kingdoms. Also need to know the modes of nutrition of different organisms.
J3 Science 1st Term 2011 Exam Tips
The exam is divided into 2 papers. Paper 1 consists of 40 objective questions (40%) while paper 2 has 5 structured type subjective questions (60%). This exam includes all 3 branches of science with chemistry and biology taking up more that 75% of the overall weightage.
PHYSICS:
1. Heat Energy - knowing fuel value (q), specific heat capacity (c) and latent heat (L) is crucial. Also need to apply any or all 3 heat energy related formulae in calculation.
2. Structure of Matter - need to understand what constitute atom and molecule. The knowledge of the basic structure of atom is also very helpful. Understanding Brownian movement in discussing the Kinetic Theory of Matter and related diffusion observations is critical.
3. Heat Transfer - dish out all confusions on the understanding of conduction, convection and radiation. In conduction, the knowledge of heat conductor and insulator can be helpful. Both breezes from land and sea should be understood while the effects of black and dull surfaces have on radiation ought to be given attention. Finally need to explain how radiator is a good dispenser of heat while thermo flask is a good retainer of heat.
4. Ray Diagrams - by knowing ray diagrams for spherical mirrors as well as lenses, the positions of object have in influencing the image should be clearly understood. Need to know how to draw these ray diagrams is of utmost importance.
BIOLOGY:
1. Microorganisms - Need to be as clear as possible with these tiny creatures. Need to know as much as possible and try to make some cross references with your J1, J2 and J3 textbooks.
2. Transport and Transpiration in Plant - need to differentiate diffusion and osmosis. Need to know the structure of vascular bundle for both dicot and monocot plants. Need to understand how water and dissolved mineral salts are absorbed into plants and the forces that enable the water to move upwards in plant
3. Respiration - refer to J3 PMR textbook chapter 1.
4. Heart and Blood - refer to J3 PMR textbook chapter 2. It should be advantageous to make some cross references with J2 UEC textbook on this area especially for the understanding of blood.
5. Kidney - refer to J3 PMR textbook chapter 3.
6. Reproduction - a good understanding on asexual and sexual (human) reproduction is required. Basic understanding on sterility and birth control is also needed. Pre and post (for the new-born) natal care is a good addition to thoroughly prepare for this section.
7. Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plant - need to know the structure of flower and seed as well as the function of each.
8. Growth - knowing the growth pattern of human is crucial. However this knowledge is sufficiently summed up in these 2 growth curves. The first is Growth Curve of human in pg 83 (J3 PMR textbook) and Growth Curves for Boys and Girls Based on Height in pg 84 (J3 PMR textbook).
CHEMISTRY:
1. Mineral in Earth's Crust - J3 PMR textbook. Very very very very very important!!! Remember everything if possible. Name of compounds like silicon and calcium are crucial. You must know EVERYTHING about quicklime (Calcium Carbonate), limestone (Calcium Oxide) and slaked lime (Calcium Hydroxide - also known as lime water), from their reactions to their molecular formula to type of chemical reactions to their usage to calculating their atomic mass to almost anything that is there to know about these.
2. pH Value and Acid-Base Indicator - refer to J2 UEC textbook pg 119 & 120.
FINALLY for those who want to score full marks in the chemistry section you will need to refer to 2 online resources.
Online Resource 1: http://www.minsocam.org/msa/collectors_corner/article/oremin.htm
This is a comprehensive list of mineral ore found on almost every types of mineral. However you only need to pay attention to those that you have encountered during lessons such as aluminium, iron, copper, tin, zinc and non-metal like calcium and silicon
Online Resource 2: http://www.tutorvista.com/content/chemistry/chemistry-i/physical-chemical-changes/heat-on-substances.php
A comprehensive information on decomposition of substances by heat. You need to know what substance will be decomposed by heat and which will not. However you only need to pay attention to substances belonging to oxide, carbonate and sulphide.
This list is very comprehensive. If you pay close attention to it you can get A but if you want to get 100% you also need some general knowledge on science such as pollutions, energy related issues, human and his environment as well as some common knowledge like breathing and cooking in high altitude.
Take care and take heed.
PHYSICS:
1. Heat Energy - knowing fuel value (q), specific heat capacity (c) and latent heat (L) is crucial. Also need to apply any or all 3 heat energy related formulae in calculation.
2. Structure of Matter - need to understand what constitute atom and molecule. The knowledge of the basic structure of atom is also very helpful. Understanding Brownian movement in discussing the Kinetic Theory of Matter and related diffusion observations is critical.
3. Heat Transfer - dish out all confusions on the understanding of conduction, convection and radiation. In conduction, the knowledge of heat conductor and insulator can be helpful. Both breezes from land and sea should be understood while the effects of black and dull surfaces have on radiation ought to be given attention. Finally need to explain how radiator is a good dispenser of heat while thermo flask is a good retainer of heat.
4. Ray Diagrams - by knowing ray diagrams for spherical mirrors as well as lenses, the positions of object have in influencing the image should be clearly understood. Need to know how to draw these ray diagrams is of utmost importance.
BIOLOGY:
1. Microorganisms - Need to be as clear as possible with these tiny creatures. Need to know as much as possible and try to make some cross references with your J1, J2 and J3 textbooks.
2. Transport and Transpiration in Plant - need to differentiate diffusion and osmosis. Need to know the structure of vascular bundle for both dicot and monocot plants. Need to understand how water and dissolved mineral salts are absorbed into plants and the forces that enable the water to move upwards in plant
3. Respiration - refer to J3 PMR textbook chapter 1.
4. Heart and Blood - refer to J3 PMR textbook chapter 2. It should be advantageous to make some cross references with J2 UEC textbook on this area especially for the understanding of blood.
5. Kidney - refer to J3 PMR textbook chapter 3.
6. Reproduction - a good understanding on asexual and sexual (human) reproduction is required. Basic understanding on sterility and birth control is also needed. Pre and post (for the new-born) natal care is a good addition to thoroughly prepare for this section.
7. Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plant - need to know the structure of flower and seed as well as the function of each.
8. Growth - knowing the growth pattern of human is crucial. However this knowledge is sufficiently summed up in these 2 growth curves. The first is Growth Curve of human in pg 83 (J3 PMR textbook) and Growth Curves for Boys and Girls Based on Height in pg 84 (J3 PMR textbook).
CHEMISTRY:
1. Mineral in Earth's Crust - J3 PMR textbook. Very very very very very important!!! Remember everything if possible. Name of compounds like silicon and calcium are crucial. You must know EVERYTHING about quicklime (Calcium Carbonate), limestone (Calcium Oxide) and slaked lime (Calcium Hydroxide - also known as lime water), from their reactions to their molecular formula to type of chemical reactions to their usage to calculating their atomic mass to almost anything that is there to know about these.
2. pH Value and Acid-Base Indicator - refer to J2 UEC textbook pg 119 & 120.
FINALLY for those who want to score full marks in the chemistry section you will need to refer to 2 online resources.
Online Resource 1: http://www.minsocam.org/msa/collectors_corner/article/oremin.htm
This is a comprehensive list of mineral ore found on almost every types of mineral. However you only need to pay attention to those that you have encountered during lessons such as aluminium, iron, copper, tin, zinc and non-metal like calcium and silicon
Online Resource 2: http://www.tutorvista.com/content/chemistry/chemistry-i/physical-chemical-changes/heat-on-substances.php
A comprehensive information on decomposition of substances by heat. You need to know what substance will be decomposed by heat and which will not. However you only need to pay attention to substances belonging to oxide, carbonate and sulphide.
This list is very comprehensive. If you pay close attention to it you can get A but if you want to get 100% you also need some general knowledge on science such as pollutions, energy related issues, human and his environment as well as some common knowledge like breathing and cooking in high altitude.
Take care and take heed.
Sunday, February 13, 2011
J3 Gang Science Test Tips (PMR Chap 3 & 4; UEC Chap 20)
PMR:
- Human Urinary System (pg 36 & 37)
- Excretion in Plants (pg 39 & 40)
- Types of Asexual and Sexual Reproduction (pg 46 - 49)
- Human Reproductive Systems (pg 50 - 52)
- Changes during Puberty (pg 52 & 53)
- Menstrual Cycle (pg 54 & 55)
- Fertilisation and Pregnancy (pg 55 - 57)
- Sterility (pg 58 & 59)
- Birth Control (pg 59 & 60)
- Pollination (pg 64 - 66)
- Develoment of Fruits and Seeds (pg 67 & 68)
- Germination of Seeds (pg 69 - 72)
UEC:
- Types of Asexual Reproductions (pg 269)
- Types of Sexual Reproduction (pg 269 & 270)
- Male Reproductive Organs (pg 275 & 276)
- Female Reproductive Organs (pg276 & 277)
- Menstrual Cycle (pg 277 & 278)
- Fertilisation, Pregnancy, Gestation Period and Labour (pg 278, 279 & 282)
- Twins (pg 282)
Diagrams:
Human Urinary System - PMR pg 36
Male Reproductive System - PMR pg 50 & UEC pg 276
Female Reproductive System - PMR pg 51 & UEC pg 276
Male and Female Gametes - PMR pg 52 & UEC pg 277
Parts of Flower - PMR 62
Fertilisation in Plants - PMR pg 67
Structure of Seed - PMR pg 69
Please note:
There are considerable amount of overlapping contents of human reproductive system between PMR and UEC. Students must be able to combine both so that answers given during test must be complete.
- Human Urinary System (pg 36 & 37)
- Excretion in Plants (pg 39 & 40)
- Types of Asexual and Sexual Reproduction (pg 46 - 49)
- Human Reproductive Systems (pg 50 - 52)
- Changes during Puberty (pg 52 & 53)
- Menstrual Cycle (pg 54 & 55)
- Fertilisation and Pregnancy (pg 55 - 57)
- Sterility (pg 58 & 59)
- Birth Control (pg 59 & 60)
- Pollination (pg 64 - 66)
- Develoment of Fruits and Seeds (pg 67 & 68)
- Germination of Seeds (pg 69 - 72)
UEC:
- Types of Asexual Reproductions (pg 269)
- Types of Sexual Reproduction (pg 269 & 270)
- Male Reproductive Organs (pg 275 & 276)
- Female Reproductive Organs (pg276 & 277)
- Menstrual Cycle (pg 277 & 278)
- Fertilisation, Pregnancy, Gestation Period and Labour (pg 278, 279 & 282)
- Twins (pg 282)
Diagrams:
Human Urinary System - PMR pg 36
Male Reproductive System - PMR pg 50 & UEC pg 276
Female Reproductive System - PMR pg 51 & UEC pg 276
Male and Female Gametes - PMR pg 52 & UEC pg 277
Parts of Flower - PMR 62
Fertilisation in Plants - PMR pg 67
Structure of Seed - PMR pg 69
Please note:
There are considerable amount of overlapping contents of human reproductive system between PMR and UEC. Students must be able to combine both so that answers given during test must be complete.
J3Zhi Science Test Tips - (PMR Chap 3 & 4; UEC Chap 19 & 20
PMR:
- Human Urinary System (pg 36 & 37)
- Kidney Failure (pg 38
- Excretion in Plants (pg 39 & 40)
- Types of Asexual and Sexual Reproduction (pg 46 - 49)
- Human Reproductive Systems (pg 50 - 52)
- Changes during Puberty (pg 52 & 53)
- Menstrual Cycle (pg 54 & 55)
- Fertilisation and Pregnancy (pg 55 - 57)
- Sterility (pg 58 & 59)
- Birth Control (pg 59 & 60)
- Pollination (pg 64 - 66)
- Develoment of Fruits and Seeds (pg 67 & 68)
- Germination of Seeds (pg 69 - 72)
UEC:
- Definition of Endocrine Glands (pg 265)
- Definition of Hormones (pg 265)
- Differentiate Endocrine and Exocrine Glands (pg 265)
- Glands and Functions (pg 266 & 267)
- Types of Asexual Reproductions (pg 269)
- Types of Sexual Reproduction (pg 269 & 270)
- Define Metamorphosis and its types (pg 272)
- Male Reproductive Organs (pg 275 & 276)
- Female Reproductive Organs (pg276 & 277)
- Menstrual Cycle (pg 277 & 278)
- Fertilisation, Pregnancy, Gestation Period and Labour (pg 278, 279 & 282)
- Twins (pg 282)
Diagrams:
Human Urinary System - PMR pg 36
Human Kidney - PMR pg 37
Male Reproductive System - PMR pg 50 & UEC pg 276
Female Reproductive System - PMR pg 51 & UEC pg 276
Male and Female Gametes - PMR pg 52 & UEC pg 277
Parts of Flower - PMR 62
Fertilisation in Plants - PMR pg 67
Structure of Seed - PMR pg 69
Structure of Egg - UEC pg 275
Please note:
There are considerable amount of overlapping contents of human reproductive system between PMR and UEC. Students must be able to combine both so that answers given during test must be complete.
- Human Urinary System (pg 36 & 37)
- Kidney Failure (pg 38
- Excretion in Plants (pg 39 & 40)
- Types of Asexual and Sexual Reproduction (pg 46 - 49)
- Human Reproductive Systems (pg 50 - 52)
- Changes during Puberty (pg 52 & 53)
- Menstrual Cycle (pg 54 & 55)
- Fertilisation and Pregnancy (pg 55 - 57)
- Sterility (pg 58 & 59)
- Birth Control (pg 59 & 60)
- Pollination (pg 64 - 66)
- Develoment of Fruits and Seeds (pg 67 & 68)
- Germination of Seeds (pg 69 - 72)
UEC:
- Definition of Endocrine Glands (pg 265)
- Definition of Hormones (pg 265)
- Differentiate Endocrine and Exocrine Glands (pg 265)
- Glands and Functions (pg 266 & 267)
- Types of Asexual Reproductions (pg 269)
- Types of Sexual Reproduction (pg 269 & 270)
- Define Metamorphosis and its types (pg 272)
- Male Reproductive Organs (pg 275 & 276)
- Female Reproductive Organs (pg276 & 277)
- Menstrual Cycle (pg 277 & 278)
- Fertilisation, Pregnancy, Gestation Period and Labour (pg 278, 279 & 282)
- Twins (pg 282)
Diagrams:
Human Urinary System - PMR pg 36
Human Kidney - PMR pg 37
Male Reproductive System - PMR pg 50 & UEC pg 276
Female Reproductive System - PMR pg 51 & UEC pg 276
Male and Female Gametes - PMR pg 52 & UEC pg 277
Parts of Flower - PMR 62
Fertilisation in Plants - PMR pg 67
Structure of Seed - PMR pg 69
Structure of Egg - UEC pg 275
Please note:
There are considerable amount of overlapping contents of human reproductive system between PMR and UEC. Students must be able to combine both so that answers given during test must be complete.
Friday, February 11, 2011
J1 Science Test - UEC Chapter 2 and PMR Chapter 2
UEC:
- 8 characteristics of living things (pg 10 & 11)
PMR:
-What is cell? (pg 39)
- What is inside a cell? (pg 41)
- Different kinds of cells in human body (pg 48)
- Organisation of cells (pg 49)
- Ten systems of the human body (pg 50)
Diagrama:
- Identifying unicellular organisms (amoeba, paramecium, euglena - PMR pg 46)
- Labelling parts of a microscope (PMR pg 40)
- Drawing animal and plant cells (PMR pg 41)
- 8 characteristics of living things (pg 10 & 11)
PMR:
-What is cell? (pg 39)
- What is inside a cell? (pg 41)
- Different kinds of cells in human body (pg 48)
- Organisation of cells (pg 49)
- Ten systems of the human body (pg 50)
Diagrama:
- Identifying unicellular organisms (amoeba, paramecium, euglena - PMR pg 46)
- Labelling parts of a microscope (PMR pg 40)
- Drawing animal and plant cells (PMR pg 41)
Monday, January 31, 2011
J3 RevEx2f Q27
Meihua - t = (x + 2) hr; d = 50 km; m = (a - 5) km/h [let m = Meihua's speed and a = Ailin's speed]
Ailin - t = x hr; d = 40 km; a km/h [a = Ailin's speed]
speed = distance / time
your working as I remembered;
50/(x + 2) + 5 = 40/x
your equation is correct but was based on speed where your variable x represents time. However the question wanted you to calculate the speed. So you should use the following equation that is based on time with variable a that represents Ailin's speed.
50/(a - 5) - 2 = 40/a
you will reach this quadratic equation
-2a(square) + 20a + 200 = 0
you need to use the quadratic formula to solve the above equation
a = {-20 +- squareroot[20square - 4(-2)(200)]} / -4
the squareroot is 44.72 - you need calculator or squareroot table to get this.
finally you will arrive with the following answers
a = -6.18 or 16.18
-6.18 is not acceptable for speed as it was negative valued
So Ailin's speed is 16.18 km/h
Meihua's speed = Ailin's speed - 5 therefore 11.18 km/h
It's easy isn't it... The other 3 questions you try first... If you still have problem with it, then please let me know...
By the way, have a meaningful rabbit year and an unforgetable CNY celebrations that is spiced with quadratic math.
Take care and take rest...
Ailin - t = x hr; d = 40 km; a km/h [a = Ailin's speed]
speed = distance / time
your working as I remembered;
50/(x + 2) + 5 = 40/x
your equation is correct but was based on speed where your variable x represents time. However the question wanted you to calculate the speed. So you should use the following equation that is based on time with variable a that represents Ailin's speed.
50/(a - 5) - 2 = 40/a
you will reach this quadratic equation
-2a(square) + 20a + 200 = 0
you need to use the quadratic formula to solve the above equation
a = {-20 +- squareroot[20square - 4(-2)(200)]} / -4
the squareroot is 44.72 - you need calculator or squareroot table to get this.
finally you will arrive with the following answers
a = -6.18 or 16.18
-6.18 is not acceptable for speed as it was negative valued
So Ailin's speed is 16.18 km/h
Meihua's speed = Ailin's speed - 5 therefore 11.18 km/h
It's easy isn't it... The other 3 questions you try first... If you still have problem with it, then please let me know...
By the way, have a meaningful rabbit year and an unforgetable CNY celebrations that is spiced with quadratic math.
Take care and take rest...
Saturday, October 2, 2010
Jr 1 Maths Terminologies
Following are the important terminologies for Jr 1 Math coming final exam.
Page 183 - names of plane and solid figures
Page 192 and 193- Different kinds of angles
- acute angle
- right angle
- obtuse angle
- straight angle
- reflex angle
- full turn
- complimentary angles
- supplementary angles
- conjugate angles
Page 202 and 206 - Angles relationships
- vertically opposite angles
- alternate angles
- corresponding angles
- interior angles
Page 220 - Name of polygons
Page 227 and 228 - Types of triangles
- equilateral triangle
- isosceles triangle
- scalene triangle
- acute-angled triangle
- right-angled triangle
- obtuse-angled triangle
Page 231 and 232 - Types of quadrilaterals
- trapezium
- parallelogram
- rectangle
- rhombus
- square
- kite
Finally to sum up this list, special for chapter 15 our 2 superheroes :
- Ultraman
- Superman
Hope this helps.....
Page 183 - names of plane and solid figures
Page 192 and 193- Different kinds of angles
- acute angle
- right angle
- obtuse angle
- straight angle
- reflex angle
- full turn
- complimentary angles
- supplementary angles
- conjugate angles
Page 202 and 206 - Angles relationships
- vertically opposite angles
- alternate angles
- corresponding angles
- interior angles
Page 220 - Name of polygons
Page 227 and 228 - Types of triangles
- equilateral triangle
- isosceles triangle
- scalene triangle
- acute-angled triangle
- right-angled triangle
- obtuse-angled triangle
Page 231 and 232 - Types of quadrilaterals
- trapezium
- parallelogram
- rectangle
- rhombus
- square
- kite
Finally to sum up this list, special for chapter 15 our 2 superheroes :
- Ultraman
- Superman
Hope this helps.....
For Kai Zheng
Let the number of cows = x.
If we have 160 more cows than sheep, then the number of sheep is x - 160.
After selling off 25% of the cows, the farmer is left with 75% of the cows. So the number of cows left after the fair will be 75% multiple with x.
After selling 2 fifth of the sheeps, the farmer is left with 3 fifth of the sheeps. So the number of sheeps left after the fair will be 3/5 multiple with (x - 160).
If after the fair the farmer still has 156 more cows then sheeps, then the following equation can be built.
x times 75% = (3/5 times (x - 160)) + 156
By changing 75% into 3/4 you will get x = 400.
Therefore the farmer has 400 cows in the beginning.
Hope this is clear.
If we have 160 more cows than sheep, then the number of sheep is x - 160.
After selling off 25% of the cows, the farmer is left with 75% of the cows. So the number of cows left after the fair will be 75% multiple with x.
After selling 2 fifth of the sheeps, the farmer is left with 3 fifth of the sheeps. So the number of sheeps left after the fair will be 3/5 multiple with (x - 160).
If after the fair the farmer still has 156 more cows then sheeps, then the following equation can be built.
x times 75% = (3/5 times (x - 160)) + 156
By changing 75% into 3/4 you will get x = 400.
Therefore the farmer has 400 cows in the beginning.
Hope this is clear.
Tuesday, September 14, 2010
Jr 2 Science – 2010 Final Exam Required Syllabus
Tip 1 – Energy
1.1) Where does energy come from? (UEC Chapter 13 – pg 141)
Know the sources of exhaustible energy as well as forms of renewable energy.
1.2) Forms of energy (UEC Chapter 1 – pg 3)
Able to differentiate between chemical energy, kinetic energy and potential energies (gravitational and elastic). Also need to understand how energy changes forms.
1.3) Heat
1.3.1) Understand thermal expansion (UEC Chapter 4 – pg 34)
Able to describe expansion of solid, liquid and gas. Also able to differentiate between the three types of expansion.
1.3.2) Heat transfer (UEC chapter 5 – pg 43)
Understand conduction, convection and radiation of heat as well as able to differentiating these three.
1.3.3) Heat energy, temperature and quantity of heat (UEC Chapter 3 –pg 21)
Need to understand Celsius and Kelvin thermometric scales as well as Mercury and Alcohol thermometers. Also need to understand specific heat capacity and its related calculations (pg 29 and pg 30). However, the specific heat capacity of substances does not need to be memorised.
1.3.4) Latent Heat (UEC Chapter 6 – pg 57 and 61)
Need to differentiate between latent heat of fusion and latent heat of vaporisation. Also able to relate to specific heat capacity as in (1.3.3) to determine the heat quantity involving changing of states (Example 6.2 – pg 61).
1.4) Change of state (UEC Chapter 6 – pg 54)
The following terminologies are crucial for this section.
Fusion, solidification, vaporisation, evaporation, boiling, liquefaction, sublimation
Tip 2 – Water
2.1) Physical characteristics of water (PMR Vol2 Chapter 5 – pg 3)
From physical characteristics of water to effects of impurities to composition of water to evaporation and boiling of water needed to be understood (pg 3 – pg 12).
2.2) Solution (PMR Vol2 Chapter 5 – pg 13)
2.2.1) Able to define solution, solute and solvent (PMR Vol2 pg 13 and UEC pg 69)
2.2.2) Able to differentiate dilute, concentrated and saturated solutions (PMR Vol2 pg 13 – pg 14) and calculate the mass % concentration of solution (UEC pg 71 – pg 73)
2.2.3) Solubility of solution (UEC pg 74)
Do not need to memorise the data in the tables but need to know what factors influence the solubility of solution.
2.2.4) Rate of dissolving (PMR Vol2 pg 18)
Need to understand the factors that influence the rate of dissolving.
2.2.5) Crystallization (UEC pg 76)
2.2.6) Solvent (PMR Vol2 pg 20)
Need to understand water as solvent and characteristics of organic solvents.
2.2.7) Types of liquid (UEC pg 77- pg 78)
Differentiate solution, suspension, emulsion and colloid
2.3) Water purification (PMR Vol2 pg 29)
Need to know how water is purify (PMR Vol2 pg 30, pg 32 and pg 33) as well as how water is treated in a water treatment plant (PMR Vol2 pg 36)
Tip 3 - Matter
3.1) Structure of matter (UEC Chapter 2 – pg 6)
Apart from being able to differentiate between atom and molecule, the structure of atom including some of its basic characteristics also needed to be understood. The understanding of kinetic theory of matter is crucial.
3.2) Common Metal (UEC Chapter 8 – pg 83)
3.2.1) The general characteristics of metal (UEC pg 89)
3.2.2) Extracting metals through reduction and electrolysis methods (UEC pg 87)
3.2.3) Iron and Steel (UEC pg 83)
3.2.4) Other common metals (UEC pg 84 – pg 86)
Copper, Aluminium, Tin, Zinc, Lead, Gold, Silver, Mercury
3.2.5) Reactivity series of metals (UEC pg 88)
3.3) Common solid non-metals (UEC Chapter 9 – pg 92)
Carbon, sulphur and phosphorous
Tip 4 - Chemistry
4.1) Mixture and compound (UEC pg 97 – pg 98)
4.2) Physical and chemical changes (UEC pg 99)
4.3) Molecular formula (UEC pg 102 – pg 107)
4.4) Chemical equation (UEC Chapter 14 pg 151 – pg 162)
Focus on balancing chemical equations
4.5) Periodic Table (UEC Chapter 15 – pg 167)
4.6) Acid, base (alkali) and salt (UEC Chapter 11 pg 113 – pg 123 and PMR Vol2 pg 22 – pg 29)
4.7) Basic knowledge on Organic compound (UEC Chapter 12 pg 128 – pg 136)
Tip 5 - Physics
5.1) Dynamics (PMR Vol2 pg 57)
5.1.1) Velocity (UEC pg 1)
5.1.2) Force (PMR Vol2 pg 57)
Emphasis on frictional force
5.1.3) Work (PMR Vol2 pg 67) – know your calculations
5.1.4) Power (PMR Vol2 pg 69) – know your calculations
5.2) Density (UEC pg 11 – pg 18) – calculations very important
5.3) Air pressure (PMR Vol2 pg 46)
Be clear on the kinetic theory of gases and understand the application of the principle of air pressure in different appliances
5.4) Stability (PMR Vol2 pg 86)
Understand centre of gravity (c.o.g.) and ways to improve the stability of an object
5.5) Simple machine (PMR Vol2 pg 93)
Must understand lever and its classes. Also need to understand moments in a lever
Tip 6 - Biology
This section is diagram-based and serves as revisions so as to be more prepared for Jr 3 Science next year. All you need is to be able to label the following diagrams correctly.
Respiratory system of human (Figure 23.5 – UEC pg 253)
External and internal structure of human heart (Figure 24.1 and 24.2 UEC pg 259 and pg 260)
Urinary system of human (Figure 25.1 UEC pg 270)
Structure of Kidney (Figure 25.2 UEC pg 271)
This list of exam tips is quite exhaustive. Use it as a check list to ensure all needed knowledge are in your grey matter before you set foot into the exam room. Though the list looks long and a bit intimidating, it is actually quite basic. If you know most of what is in this list, you sure get flying colours on your science exam. If you have any question regarding J2 science, post it in my fb. I will answer from there.
1.1) Where does energy come from? (UEC Chapter 13 – pg 141)
Know the sources of exhaustible energy as well as forms of renewable energy.
1.2) Forms of energy (UEC Chapter 1 – pg 3)
Able to differentiate between chemical energy, kinetic energy and potential energies (gravitational and elastic). Also need to understand how energy changes forms.
1.3) Heat
1.3.1) Understand thermal expansion (UEC Chapter 4 – pg 34)
Able to describe expansion of solid, liquid and gas. Also able to differentiate between the three types of expansion.
1.3.2) Heat transfer (UEC chapter 5 – pg 43)
Understand conduction, convection and radiation of heat as well as able to differentiating these three.
1.3.3) Heat energy, temperature and quantity of heat (UEC Chapter 3 –pg 21)
Need to understand Celsius and Kelvin thermometric scales as well as Mercury and Alcohol thermometers. Also need to understand specific heat capacity and its related calculations (pg 29 and pg 30). However, the specific heat capacity of substances does not need to be memorised.
1.3.4) Latent Heat (UEC Chapter 6 – pg 57 and 61)
Need to differentiate between latent heat of fusion and latent heat of vaporisation. Also able to relate to specific heat capacity as in (1.3.3) to determine the heat quantity involving changing of states (Example 6.2 – pg 61).
1.4) Change of state (UEC Chapter 6 – pg 54)
The following terminologies are crucial for this section.
Fusion, solidification, vaporisation, evaporation, boiling, liquefaction, sublimation
Tip 2 – Water
2.1) Physical characteristics of water (PMR Vol2 Chapter 5 – pg 3)
From physical characteristics of water to effects of impurities to composition of water to evaporation and boiling of water needed to be understood (pg 3 – pg 12).
2.2) Solution (PMR Vol2 Chapter 5 – pg 13)
2.2.1) Able to define solution, solute and solvent (PMR Vol2 pg 13 and UEC pg 69)
2.2.2) Able to differentiate dilute, concentrated and saturated solutions (PMR Vol2 pg 13 – pg 14) and calculate the mass % concentration of solution (UEC pg 71 – pg 73)
2.2.3) Solubility of solution (UEC pg 74)
Do not need to memorise the data in the tables but need to know what factors influence the solubility of solution.
2.2.4) Rate of dissolving (PMR Vol2 pg 18)
Need to understand the factors that influence the rate of dissolving.
2.2.5) Crystallization (UEC pg 76)
2.2.6) Solvent (PMR Vol2 pg 20)
Need to understand water as solvent and characteristics of organic solvents.
2.2.7) Types of liquid (UEC pg 77- pg 78)
Differentiate solution, suspension, emulsion and colloid
2.3) Water purification (PMR Vol2 pg 29)
Need to know how water is purify (PMR Vol2 pg 30, pg 32 and pg 33) as well as how water is treated in a water treatment plant (PMR Vol2 pg 36)
Tip 3 - Matter
3.1) Structure of matter (UEC Chapter 2 – pg 6)
Apart from being able to differentiate between atom and molecule, the structure of atom including some of its basic characteristics also needed to be understood. The understanding of kinetic theory of matter is crucial.
3.2) Common Metal (UEC Chapter 8 – pg 83)
3.2.1) The general characteristics of metal (UEC pg 89)
3.2.2) Extracting metals through reduction and electrolysis methods (UEC pg 87)
3.2.3) Iron and Steel (UEC pg 83)
3.2.4) Other common metals (UEC pg 84 – pg 86)
Copper, Aluminium, Tin, Zinc, Lead, Gold, Silver, Mercury
3.2.5) Reactivity series of metals (UEC pg 88)
3.3) Common solid non-metals (UEC Chapter 9 – pg 92)
Carbon, sulphur and phosphorous
Tip 4 - Chemistry
4.1) Mixture and compound (UEC pg 97 – pg 98)
4.2) Physical and chemical changes (UEC pg 99)
4.3) Molecular formula (UEC pg 102 – pg 107)
4.4) Chemical equation (UEC Chapter 14 pg 151 – pg 162)
Focus on balancing chemical equations
4.5) Periodic Table (UEC Chapter 15 – pg 167)
4.6) Acid, base (alkali) and salt (UEC Chapter 11 pg 113 – pg 123 and PMR Vol2 pg 22 – pg 29)
4.7) Basic knowledge on Organic compound (UEC Chapter 12 pg 128 – pg 136)
Tip 5 - Physics
5.1) Dynamics (PMR Vol2 pg 57)
5.1.1) Velocity (UEC pg 1)
5.1.2) Force (PMR Vol2 pg 57)
Emphasis on frictional force
5.1.3) Work (PMR Vol2 pg 67) – know your calculations
5.1.4) Power (PMR Vol2 pg 69) – know your calculations
5.2) Density (UEC pg 11 – pg 18) – calculations very important
5.3) Air pressure (PMR Vol2 pg 46)
Be clear on the kinetic theory of gases and understand the application of the principle of air pressure in different appliances
5.4) Stability (PMR Vol2 pg 86)
Understand centre of gravity (c.o.g.) and ways to improve the stability of an object
5.5) Simple machine (PMR Vol2 pg 93)
Must understand lever and its classes. Also need to understand moments in a lever
Tip 6 - Biology
This section is diagram-based and serves as revisions so as to be more prepared for Jr 3 Science next year. All you need is to be able to label the following diagrams correctly.
Respiratory system of human (Figure 23.5 – UEC pg 253)
External and internal structure of human heart (Figure 24.1 and 24.2 UEC pg 259 and pg 260)
Urinary system of human (Figure 25.1 UEC pg 270)
Structure of Kidney (Figure 25.2 UEC pg 271)
This list of exam tips is quite exhaustive. Use it as a check list to ensure all needed knowledge are in your grey matter before you set foot into the exam room. Though the list looks long and a bit intimidating, it is actually quite basic. If you know most of what is in this list, you sure get flying colours on your science exam. If you have any question regarding J2 science, post it in my fb. I will answer from there.
Jr 1 Mathematics – 2010 Final Exam Required Syllabus
Things that you MUST know for this coming exam from each chapter are as follow;
Chapter 8:
a) Value of Algebraic Expression (pg 149)
Ex 8b (pg 151) is extremely helpful. Make sure you know how to solve questions like these.
b) Arithmetical Operations in Algebra (pg 152 to pg 158 – emphasis is on pg 157 and pg 158)
Ex 8e (pg 159) is a MUST.
Chapter 9:
a) Solving linear equations with one variable (pg 167)
Ex 9c, 9d, 9e and 9f are good for revisions. Exam questions however, are somewhat similar to Q4 of Rev Ex 9h (pg 180)
b) Word problems involving linear equation with one variable (pg 173)
Go through all the examples from pg 173 to pg 175. All exam questions are based on these examples. Ex 9g (pg 176) can be a good source for revision. Please note that the questions in Ex 9g can roughly be divided into 5 groups: Q1 to Q13, Q14 to Q19, Q20 to Q29, Q30 to Q37 and Q38 to Q54. Make sure you attempt some questions from each groups.
Chapter 10:
a) Knowing the names of plane figures and solid figures (pg 183)
b) Able to identify faces, edges and vertices
Refer to Q3 of Ex 10a (pg 184)
c) Line Symmetry and Point Symmetry (pg 185)
Able to identify as well as draw these symmetries are crucial. Ex 10c is a good source for revisions.
Chapter 11:
a) Protractor (pg 190) – Remember to bring your PROTRACTOR for the final exam!!!
You must be able to measure angles using protractor. It is equally important to know how to construct angles and shapes (basically triangle) using protractor. Ex 11b (pg 191) is good for revision.
b) Different Kinds of Angles (pg 192)
Know how they are called and what they represent is very important. Rev Ex 11d (pg 197) is crucial for good revision. Spend a bit more time on Q10.
c) Analogue Clock Face for calculating angles (pg 194 and Pg 195)
Try working out Q11 to Q15 of Ex 11c (pg 197). Exam questions are rather similar to these.
Chapter 12:
a) Knowing what the following angles represent, their relationships and how to identify them are very important.
- vertically opposite angles (pg 202)
- alternate angles, corresponding angles and interior angles (pg 206)
Able to solve angles in diagram-based questions is crucial. Refer to Q5 and Q6 of Rev Ex 12d (pg 215).
b) Converse of Theorems on Parallel Lines (pg 212)
Knowing how to proof a pair of lines is parallel or otherwise is the main focus here. Ex 12c (pg 214) is a good reference for revision.
Chapter 13:
a) Should know how polygons are named (pg 220)
b) Everything you need to know about triangle for this exam is in pg 221 until pg 228.
Ex 13b (pg 225) and Ex 13c (pg 229) are good for revision.
c) Quadrilaterals (pg 231 and pg 232)
Rework ALL questions in Ex 13d (pg 233) for a thorough revision on quadrilaterals.
d) Interior and Exterior Angles of Polygon (pg 239)
The 5 important formulae are crucial to solve questions in this section. All these formulae should be memorised. Ex 13e (pg 242) is good for revision.
* Q1 of Rev Ex 13f is good to generalise the revision for this chapter. Most questions from this chapter will be diagram-based. However there will be at least one word problem similar to questions from Q13 to Q20 of Rev Ex 13f.
Chapter 14:
a) Unit Conversions (pg 251)
Knowing how these are done is crucial. Be extra careful if it involves unit in areas. Revisit Ex 14b is a good idea for revision.
b) Perimeter (pg 248)
There is nothing fanciful here. Just remember to be careful when summing up the sides for perimeter so that you don’t miss out any.
c) Solving areas for the following shapes.
- Area of Square (pg 251)
- Area of Rectangle (pg 252)
- Area of Parallelogram (pg 254)
- Area of Triangle (pg 257)
- Area of Rhombus and Kite (pg 261)
- Area of Trapezium (pg 262)
Work through each of the following exercises for every shape above as revisions.
d) Area of Irregular shapes (pg 264)
The correct dividing, subtracting or combining of these irregular shapes into recognisable shapes is crucial for solving the areas. Attempt Q1 of Ex 14h (pg 266) and Q2, Q3, Q4 and Q5 of Rev Ex 14i is good to hone the skill needed for this section.
Chapter 15:
a) Ratio (pg 273)
You should know the characteristics of ratio (pg 273) and how to manipulate it especially with continued ratio (pg275). Ex 15a (pg 277) is good for revision.
b) Rates (pg 278)
Questions on rates (Ex 15b – pg 280) and distance travelled (Ex 15c – pg 284) are minimal. However it is good to have an idea on these to handle short and multiple choice questions.
c) Proportion (pg 286)
The following are crucial for this exam.
- Direct proportion (pg 287)
- Inverse proportion (pg 291)
- Proportional distribution (pg 294)
Rev Ex 15h (pg 297) is good for revision.
d) Scales (pg 301)
Scale drawing (pg 301) is taken as educational. Questions are from scale on maps (pg 303) and area scale (pg 303). Work through Ex 15j (pg 306) to prepare for this exam on this section.
If you go through the above exercises, the exam paper will not be difficult. Good luck and may peace be with you all. Should you have any questions on J1 Math, just post it on the Teacher Bobby page. I will answer from there.
Chapter 8:
a) Value of Algebraic Expression (pg 149)
Ex 8b (pg 151) is extremely helpful. Make sure you know how to solve questions like these.
b) Arithmetical Operations in Algebra (pg 152 to pg 158 – emphasis is on pg 157 and pg 158)
Ex 8e (pg 159) is a MUST.
Chapter 9:
a) Solving linear equations with one variable (pg 167)
Ex 9c, 9d, 9e and 9f are good for revisions. Exam questions however, are somewhat similar to Q4 of Rev Ex 9h (pg 180)
b) Word problems involving linear equation with one variable (pg 173)
Go through all the examples from pg 173 to pg 175. All exam questions are based on these examples. Ex 9g (pg 176) can be a good source for revision. Please note that the questions in Ex 9g can roughly be divided into 5 groups: Q1 to Q13, Q14 to Q19, Q20 to Q29, Q30 to Q37 and Q38 to Q54. Make sure you attempt some questions from each groups.
Chapter 10:
a) Knowing the names of plane figures and solid figures (pg 183)
b) Able to identify faces, edges and vertices
Refer to Q3 of Ex 10a (pg 184)
c) Line Symmetry and Point Symmetry (pg 185)
Able to identify as well as draw these symmetries are crucial. Ex 10c is a good source for revisions.
Chapter 11:
a) Protractor (pg 190) – Remember to bring your PROTRACTOR for the final exam!!!
You must be able to measure angles using protractor. It is equally important to know how to construct angles and shapes (basically triangle) using protractor. Ex 11b (pg 191) is good for revision.
b) Different Kinds of Angles (pg 192)
Know how they are called and what they represent is very important. Rev Ex 11d (pg 197) is crucial for good revision. Spend a bit more time on Q10.
c) Analogue Clock Face for calculating angles (pg 194 and Pg 195)
Try working out Q11 to Q15 of Ex 11c (pg 197). Exam questions are rather similar to these.
Chapter 12:
a) Knowing what the following angles represent, their relationships and how to identify them are very important.
- vertically opposite angles (pg 202)
- alternate angles, corresponding angles and interior angles (pg 206)
Able to solve angles in diagram-based questions is crucial. Refer to Q5 and Q6 of Rev Ex 12d (pg 215).
b) Converse of Theorems on Parallel Lines (pg 212)
Knowing how to proof a pair of lines is parallel or otherwise is the main focus here. Ex 12c (pg 214) is a good reference for revision.
Chapter 13:
a) Should know how polygons are named (pg 220)
b) Everything you need to know about triangle for this exam is in pg 221 until pg 228.
Ex 13b (pg 225) and Ex 13c (pg 229) are good for revision.
c) Quadrilaterals (pg 231 and pg 232)
Rework ALL questions in Ex 13d (pg 233) for a thorough revision on quadrilaterals.
d) Interior and Exterior Angles of Polygon (pg 239)
The 5 important formulae are crucial to solve questions in this section. All these formulae should be memorised. Ex 13e (pg 242) is good for revision.
* Q1 of Rev Ex 13f is good to generalise the revision for this chapter. Most questions from this chapter will be diagram-based. However there will be at least one word problem similar to questions from Q13 to Q20 of Rev Ex 13f.
Chapter 14:
a) Unit Conversions (pg 251)
Knowing how these are done is crucial. Be extra careful if it involves unit in areas. Revisit Ex 14b is a good idea for revision.
b) Perimeter (pg 248)
There is nothing fanciful here. Just remember to be careful when summing up the sides for perimeter so that you don’t miss out any.
c) Solving areas for the following shapes.
- Area of Square (pg 251)
- Area of Rectangle (pg 252)
- Area of Parallelogram (pg 254)
- Area of Triangle (pg 257)
- Area of Rhombus and Kite (pg 261)
- Area of Trapezium (pg 262)
Work through each of the following exercises for every shape above as revisions.
d) Area of Irregular shapes (pg 264)
The correct dividing, subtracting or combining of these irregular shapes into recognisable shapes is crucial for solving the areas. Attempt Q1 of Ex 14h (pg 266) and Q2, Q3, Q4 and Q5 of Rev Ex 14i is good to hone the skill needed for this section.
Chapter 15:
a) Ratio (pg 273)
You should know the characteristics of ratio (pg 273) and how to manipulate it especially with continued ratio (pg275). Ex 15a (pg 277) is good for revision.
b) Rates (pg 278)
Questions on rates (Ex 15b – pg 280) and distance travelled (Ex 15c – pg 284) are minimal. However it is good to have an idea on these to handle short and multiple choice questions.
c) Proportion (pg 286)
The following are crucial for this exam.
- Direct proportion (pg 287)
- Inverse proportion (pg 291)
- Proportional distribution (pg 294)
Rev Ex 15h (pg 297) is good for revision.
d) Scales (pg 301)
Scale drawing (pg 301) is taken as educational. Questions are from scale on maps (pg 303) and area scale (pg 303). Work through Ex 15j (pg 306) to prepare for this exam on this section.
If you go through the above exercises, the exam paper will not be difficult. Good luck and may peace be with you all. Should you have any questions on J1 Math, just post it on the Teacher Bobby page. I will answer from there.
Monday, July 26, 2010
J2 Science Test on 28 July 2010
Chapters include PMR Chapter 5 and UEC Chapters 6 and 7.
Pointers for PMR Chapter 5
1. Physical Characteristics of Water (include impurities)
2. Composition of Water
3. Factors affecting the rate of evaporation of water
4. Differences between evaporation and boiling
5. Organic solvents
6. Properties of acid and alkali (understand neutralisation)
7. Methods to purify water
Pointers for UEC Chapter 6
1. Make sure you know these terms:
fusion, solidification, vaporization, liquefaction, evaporation, boiling, sublimation and latent heat.
2. Go through the examples for calculating latent heat of fusion and latent heat of vaporization.
Pointers for UEC Chapter 7
1. Clear about the following terms:
solute, solvent, solution, dilute, concentrated, saturated
2. Effects of temperature on solubility of solute
3. Able to differentiate the following liquids:
solution, suspension, emulsion, colloids
4. Go through the examples for calculating mass percentage concentration of solution.
Pointers for PMR Chapter 5
1. Physical Characteristics of Water (include impurities)
2. Composition of Water
3. Factors affecting the rate of evaporation of water
4. Differences between evaporation and boiling
5. Organic solvents
6. Properties of acid and alkali (understand neutralisation)
7. Methods to purify water
Pointers for UEC Chapter 6
1. Make sure you know these terms:
fusion, solidification, vaporization, liquefaction, evaporation, boiling, sublimation and latent heat.
2. Go through the examples for calculating latent heat of fusion and latent heat of vaporization.
Pointers for UEC Chapter 7
1. Clear about the following terms:
solute, solvent, solution, dilute, concentrated, saturated
2. Effects of temperature on solubility of solute
3. Able to differentiate the following liquids:
solution, suspension, emulsion, colloids
4. Go through the examples for calculating mass percentage concentration of solution.
Saturday, May 15, 2010
J2 Science (Term2, 2010) - Exam Tips
Tip 1 - 4 main diagrams for labelling. Make sure you know how to spell the terms correctly. Be careful with the diagrams above. Some of the labellings are different from your textbook.
Tip 2 - Know the definitions of the main terminologies. Following are the important ones.
a) excretory
b) photosynthesis
c) respiration
d) transpiration
e) asexual reproduction in plants
Tip 3 - Know what they consist of. Examples are as follow;
a) Blood is consist of blood corpuscles and blood plasma as blood corpuscles are consist of ...
b) Lymphatic system consists of ...
c) Blood in the renal artery consists of ...
d) Microorganisms consist ...
e) The vegetative organs of natural vegetative propagation consist of ...
Tip 4 - Know the functions.
a) erythrocyte, leucocyte, thrombocyte
b) functions of blood
c) 2 functions of kidney
d) 5 functions of skin
e) functions of the 5 different parts of the brains
f) functions of transpiration
Tip 5 - Know the differences
a) Between the 3 types of blood vessels
b) Between the brain and spinal cord
c) Between reflex arc and reflex action
d) Between the 4 main types of mircoorganisms
e) Between mitosis and meiosis and also amitosis
f) Between photosynthesis and respiration in plants
g) Between diffusion and osmosis
Tip 6 - Knowing the factors
a) The 3 factors that enable water to sip upward through xylem
b) Factors affecting transpiration
Tip 7 - Topical importance
Circulatory System
- know the structure of the heart, internally as well as externally
- know the composition of blood
- have basic understanding of blood group and the universality of certain type
- know the function of blood
- know the differences of the 3 types of blood vessel
- basic understanding of the lymphatic system
Excretory System
- know as much as the textbook has on the kidney
- know the functions of skin
Nervous System
- understand the diagram on pg 276
- know the parts of neurone and its functions
- know how neurone is classified
- know how brain is divided and their related function
- go through the test paper on nervous system for a good revision effort
Microorganisms
- know the basic of each type
- know their functions
- know their shapes
- basic understanding of the structure
Division of Cells
- The table in pg 187 pretty much conclude mitosis and meiosis
- basic understanding of the growth of plants especially the roots
- do not need to draw the flow diagram of nucleus splitting
Photosynthesis and Respiration in Plants
- their their definitions and differences
- know their processes and the needed conditions
- know how experiments are conducted to verify the processes
- know why some of the things are used in experiments like iodine, sodium hydroxide, beans instead of plants
- be familiar with the experiment in pg 194
- table in pg 199 is very important
Transportation and Transpiration in Plants
- make sure you know what is diffusion and osmosis and their differences
- be familiar with the structure of the transporting system in plants in particular the dicotyledon plants
- knowing the function of xylem and phloem
- knowing the forces in play that enable water to sip up the xylem from roots
- know the functions of transpirations
- know the factors affecting transpiration
- know the modifications of leaves to reduce transpiration
Reproduction in Plants
- focus only in asexual reproduction
- know how to differentiate the vegetative organs
- know the common artificial vegetative propagation methods
- understand the advantages and disadvantages of vegetative propagation
Biodiversity
- know how to classify vertebrates
- know how to classify flowering plants
- know the importance of biodiversity
This list of exam tips is quite exhaustive. Use it as a check list to ensure all needed knowledge are in your grey matter before you set foot into the exam room. Though the list looks long and a bit intimidating, it is actually quite basic. If you know most of what is in this list, you sure get flying colours on your science exam. If you have any question regarding J2 science, post it in my fb. I will answer from there.
J1 Math (Term 2, 2010) - Exam Tips
Things that you MUST know for this coming exam from each chapter are as follow;
Chapter 1:
a) Order of Operators
Solve brackets first, then multiplications and divisions and then additions and subtractions.
Redo Rev Ex 1j - pg 14 (Questions 1 to 16)
It will be very helpful if you can make use of Commutative Law (pg 7), Associative Law (pg 7) and Distributive Law (pg 9) to simplify your calculations.
b) Average
Redo Ex 1i - pg 14 (all questions)
Chapter 2:
a) Important Terminologies
You need to know what are odd and even, factors and multipliers and prime and composite numbers. Of these, the most important one is prime numbers. Try to memorise prime numbers until 100.
2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29, 31, 37, 41, 43, 47, 53, 59, 61, 67, 71, 73, 79, 83, 89, 97, 101
b) H.C.F and L.C.M.
Must know how to find these. Also must know what to do with remainders. For H.C.F., minus the remainder from the numbers first before dividing. For L.C.M., divide first then add the remainder to L.C.M.
Redo Ex 2e - pg 24 (Questions with remainder) and Rev Ex 2f - pg 25 (Question 6)
Chapter 3:
a) Arithmetical Operations on Fractions
Similar to the order of operations in Chapter 1.
Redo Ex 3h - pg 44 (all questions)
b) Complex Fractions
When you are faced with these fractions, always solve the shortest dividing line first.
Redo Ex 3i - pg 47 (all questions)
* Redo Rev Ex 3k - pg 55 (Questions 1 - 15) for the overall strengthening of the needed conceptual skills.
Chapter 4:
a) Order of Operations on Decimal Numbers
This section is always mixed with other number types like + integers, - integers, fractions and percentages in arithmetical questions. As long as you do not mix up the order of operations as in Chapter 1, you will be okay.
b) Significant Figures and Standard Form (Scientific Notation)
Make sure you know what are these. Refer to pg 71 and 72 to refresh your memory.
Redo Ex 4h - pg 72, 73 (Questions 2, 3 and 4).
c) Metric System Conversion
Make sure you know how the conversions are done. These units normally are found in words problems. Do the following exercise for good revisions.
Redo Ex 4k - pg 82 (Question 1 to 9)
Chapter 5:
a) You must be able to change different number types into fractions and also the opposite way.
Redo Ex 5a - pg 87 (all questions)
b) Understand how to solve percentage change
Redo Ex 5c - pg 93 (Questions 1 to 10)
c) Percentage Profit and Loss
Redo Ex 5d - pg 96 (Question 1 to 7)
d) Discount and Commission
Redo Ex 5e - pg 99 (Question 1 to 5)
e) Simple Interest.
Remember two formulae, the I and Amount.
Redo Ex 5f - pg 103 (Questions 1 to 5
Chapter 6:
a) Arithmetical Order of Positive and Negative Numbers.
The order of Operations in Chapter 1 applies here as well. Be careful as you will need to solve the postive
and negative symbols first before the numbers.
Redo Ex 6i -pg 128 (all questions0 and Rev Ex gj - pg 128 (Questions 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8)
b) Index of the Positive and Negative Numbers
Redo Ex 6h - pg 126 (all questions)
c) Absolute Value
This is very easy but make sure to spot the sign correctly.
Redo Ex 6k - pg 130, 131 (Questions 2, 3, and 4)
Chapter 7:
a) Square Root Table
Must know how to use square root table to find square root numbers including those bigger than 99.99 and smaller than 1. Practice until you are sure.
Redo Ex 7f - pg 142 (Questions 13 to 28)
b) Cube Root
Memorise the following cube and cube root numbers.
1 cube = 1, 2 cube = 8, 3 cube = 27, 4 cube = 64, 5 cube = 125, 6 cube = 216, 7 cube = 343, 8 cube = 512, 9 cube = 729, 10 cube = 1000, 11 cube = 1331, 12 cube = 1728
Redo Ex 7g - pg 143 (all questions)
* Redo Rev Ex 7h - pg 145 (all questions) for good overall revision of this chapter.
Chapter 8:
a) Value of Algebraic Expression
If you can do the following exercises, you will be able to do the exam questions easily.
Redo Ex 8b - pg 151 (Questions 1 to 7)
b) Arithmetical Operations in Algebra
The Order of Operations is similar to Chapter 1. However, solve the + and - symbols first, then numbers (coefficient) and then the alphabets (variables).
Redo Ex 8e - pg 159 (all questions) and Rev Ex 8f - pg 160 (Questions 5, 6 and 7)
c) Algebraic Terminologies
Make sure you know what is constant, coefficient and variable.
If you go through the above exercises, the exam paper will not be difficult. Good luck and may peace be with you all. Should you have any questions on J1 Math, just post it on the Teacher Bobby page. I will answer from there.
Chapter 1:
a) Order of Operators
Solve brackets first, then multiplications and divisions and then additions and subtractions.
Redo Rev Ex 1j - pg 14 (Questions 1 to 16)
It will be very helpful if you can make use of Commutative Law (pg 7), Associative Law (pg 7) and Distributive Law (pg 9) to simplify your calculations.
b) Average
Redo Ex 1i - pg 14 (all questions)
Chapter 2:
a) Important Terminologies
You need to know what are odd and even, factors and multipliers and prime and composite numbers. Of these, the most important one is prime numbers. Try to memorise prime numbers until 100.
2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29, 31, 37, 41, 43, 47, 53, 59, 61, 67, 71, 73, 79, 83, 89, 97, 101
b) H.C.F and L.C.M.
Must know how to find these. Also must know what to do with remainders. For H.C.F., minus the remainder from the numbers first before dividing. For L.C.M., divide first then add the remainder to L.C.M.
Redo Ex 2e - pg 24 (Questions with remainder) and Rev Ex 2f - pg 25 (Question 6)
Chapter 3:
a) Arithmetical Operations on Fractions
Similar to the order of operations in Chapter 1.
Redo Ex 3h - pg 44 (all questions)
b) Complex Fractions
When you are faced with these fractions, always solve the shortest dividing line first.
Redo Ex 3i - pg 47 (all questions)
* Redo Rev Ex 3k - pg 55 (Questions 1 - 15) for the overall strengthening of the needed conceptual skills.
Chapter 4:
a) Order of Operations on Decimal Numbers
This section is always mixed with other number types like + integers, - integers, fractions and percentages in arithmetical questions. As long as you do not mix up the order of operations as in Chapter 1, you will be okay.
b) Significant Figures and Standard Form (Scientific Notation)
Make sure you know what are these. Refer to pg 71 and 72 to refresh your memory.
Redo Ex 4h - pg 72, 73 (Questions 2, 3 and 4).
c) Metric System Conversion
Make sure you know how the conversions are done. These units normally are found in words problems. Do the following exercise for good revisions.
Redo Ex 4k - pg 82 (Question 1 to 9)
Chapter 5:
a) You must be able to change different number types into fractions and also the opposite way.
Redo Ex 5a - pg 87 (all questions)
b) Understand how to solve percentage change
Redo Ex 5c - pg 93 (Questions 1 to 10)
c) Percentage Profit and Loss
Redo Ex 5d - pg 96 (Question 1 to 7)
d) Discount and Commission
Redo Ex 5e - pg 99 (Question 1 to 5)
e) Simple Interest.
Remember two formulae, the I and Amount.
Redo Ex 5f - pg 103 (Questions 1 to 5
Chapter 6:
a) Arithmetical Order of Positive and Negative Numbers.
The order of Operations in Chapter 1 applies here as well. Be careful as you will need to solve the postive
and negative symbols first before the numbers.
Redo Ex 6i -pg 128 (all questions0 and Rev Ex gj - pg 128 (Questions 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8)
b) Index of the Positive and Negative Numbers
Redo Ex 6h - pg 126 (all questions)
c) Absolute Value
This is very easy but make sure to spot the sign correctly.
Redo Ex 6k - pg 130, 131 (Questions 2, 3, and 4)
Chapter 7:
a) Square Root Table
Must know how to use square root table to find square root numbers including those bigger than 99.99 and smaller than 1. Practice until you are sure.
Redo Ex 7f - pg 142 (Questions 13 to 28)
b) Cube Root
Memorise the following cube and cube root numbers.
1 cube = 1, 2 cube = 8, 3 cube = 27, 4 cube = 64, 5 cube = 125, 6 cube = 216, 7 cube = 343, 8 cube = 512, 9 cube = 729, 10 cube = 1000, 11 cube = 1331, 12 cube = 1728
Redo Ex 7g - pg 143 (all questions)
* Redo Rev Ex 7h - pg 145 (all questions) for good overall revision of this chapter.
Chapter 8:
a) Value of Algebraic Expression
If you can do the following exercises, you will be able to do the exam questions easily.
Redo Ex 8b - pg 151 (Questions 1 to 7)
b) Arithmetical Operations in Algebra
The Order of Operations is similar to Chapter 1. However, solve the + and - symbols first, then numbers (coefficient) and then the alphabets (variables).
Redo Ex 8e - pg 159 (all questions) and Rev Ex 8f - pg 160 (Questions 5, 6 and 7)
c) Algebraic Terminologies
Make sure you know what is constant, coefficient and variable.
If you go through the above exercises, the exam paper will not be difficult. Good luck and may peace be with you all. Should you have any questions on J1 Math, just post it on the Teacher Bobby page. I will answer from there.
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