Saturday, October 1, 2011

J2 Math Tips for Finals 2011

Section A: Objective Questions with 4 choices. Total 20 questions. 2 marks per correct answer. Total score is 40%.
Questions' distributions are as follow;
- Chapter 1, 2, 3, 6, and 8 will take up 8 of the 20 questions of Section A. Questions are based on numerical calculations.
- Chapter 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 and 15 will take up the remaining 12 questions. On average, 2 questions will come from each of these last 6 chapters.

Section B: Subjective Questions. Total 6 questions with sub-questions that add up to 10 marks per question. Total score is 60%.
Questions' distributions are as follow;
Chapter 10: Volume and Surface Area - 1 question
This is a diagram based question. Good revision exercises are RevEx10i (pg 203-206) questions 2 to 7, Past Year Questions 2004, P2 - 6(b), Past Year Question 2003, P2 - 6(a) and Past Year Question 2002, P2 - 6(b)
Chapter 11: Construction - 1 question
You need to have your compass, protractor and ruler ready for this chapter. This is skill based question where you need to draw the required angles and shapes. Base on your Math textbook, you need to know how to draw (A) and (B) on pg 210, (C) and (E) on pg 211, (F) and (H) on pg 212 and (I) on pg 215. Good revision exercises are Ex11a (pg216-217) all questions and Practice 18, 19 and Summative Test 7 of your blue workbook (pg27-31).
Chapter 12: Geometrical Transformations - 1 question
This question comes with 5 sub-questions. All sub-questions will be drawn on square grids. These sub-questions are as follow;
a) Reflection - Good revision exercise is Practice 33 of the blue workbook (pg50)
b) Translation - You MUST know the math behind translation matrix. Good revision exercises are Practice 32 of the blue workbook (pg49) and Ex12c (pg231-232) question 5-10.
c) Rotation - Determining the image of the rotated object. Good revision exercise is Ex12e (pg239-240) question 4-9.
d) Rotation - Determining the centre and angle of rotation. Good revision exercises are Ex12f (pg242-243) questions 3-5 and Practice 34 of the blue workbook (pg51 - also applicable to (c)).
e) Enlargement - Good revision exercises are Ex12g (pg247) and Ex12h (pg250) all questions.
Chapter 13: Sets - 1 question
You either need to sketch Venn diagrams based on the given expression or you need to identify the expression based on the given Venn diagrams. Good revisions and exercises are pg282 - further examples on Venn diagrams, Ex13l (pg286-288) questions 25-31 and RevEx13n (pg294-295) questions 24-26.
Chapter 14: Application of Sets - 1 question
 2 sets formulation on pg299 and 3 sets formulation on pg306 is crucial for this question. You also need to be able to identify the least and greatest number based on 2 sets. Good revision exercises are Ex14a (pg301) questions 10-15, RevEx14d (pg312-314) question 8-20, 2004 (PYQ) P2 - 2, 2003 (PYQ) P2 - 2 and 2002 (PYQ) P2 - 2.
Chapter 15 - Counting System - 1 question
You need to know the conversions between decimal, octal and binary numbers as well as the arithmetic operational calculations. This question will be EXTREMELY creative and confusing but not necessarily challenging. Good revision exercise will be RevEx15f (pg325) all questions.

Some important reminders:
- This is a one and a half hour paper. Though the questions might not be too difficult, time can be a real challenge. So make sure you don't waste time.
- You need to bring your COMPASS, RULER and protractor for this exam. However calculators are NOT allowed.

GOOD LUCK

Friday, July 8, 2011

J3 Sci ExamTips 4 2nd Term Exam '11

Paper 1: 50 questions. Every question is based on PMR syllabus.
Revise the Form 1, 2 and 3 workbooks. Also good to do the objective questions at the end of every chapter from Form 1 to Form 3 chapter 6. Average about 2 questions from each chapter.

Paper 2: This paper is divided into Biology, Chemistry and Physics sections and it follows the Jr UEC exam syllabus.
Section A: Biology - Answer any 2 of the 3 questions.
1st question: Plants
There are six things about plants that you must know. These are
1) Pollination
2) Fertilisation
3) Germination
4) Respiration
5) Transpiration
6) Photosynthesis
The question will be on one of these.
2nd question: Bodily systems of human
One of the following systems will be used for this question.
1) Digestive system
2) Blood circulatory system
3) Respiratory system
4) Reproductive system
3rd question: dLL
Pay attention to any one of the following.
1) Nutrition
2) Microorganism
3) Ecosystem
4) Heredity

Section B: Chemistry - Answer any 2 of the 3 questions.
1st question: Very chemistry
Focus on chapter 10, 11, 14 and 15 of J2 textbook. Question SHOULD (but can't really remember) include
1) chemical names and equations
2) valencies and molecular mass
3) acid and base with pH knowledge
4) reaction types
5) basic understanding of periodic table
2nd question: Metal and non-metal
Focus on chapter 8 and 9 of J2 textbook. Need to know everything as mentioned in these chapters.
3rd question: States of matter
Focus on chapter 5, 6 and 7 of J2 textbook. Need to know everything about solid, liquid and gas...

Section C: Physics - Answer any 1 of the 2 questions.

1st question: Chapter 1 - 5 of Jr 3 textbook
2nd question: Chapter 6 - 10 of Jr 3 textbook
Pay very special, very keen, very focused attention to all the subjective questions at the end of every chapter.

Good luck... people...

Wednesday, April 6, 2011

J2 Factorisation Exercises - ANSWERS

7. 2(-x + 5)(x - 1)
8. (x + 1)(x - 2)
9. 2(y + 2)(y - 1)
10. 3(y + 1)(y - 5)
11. (3x + 2)(x - 2)
12. 2(x - 4)(x - 3)
13. 2(x - 5)(x + 2)
14. -
15. (x - 5)(x + 1)
16. -
17. (x + 3)(x - 2)
18. (x - 2)(x - 4)
19. (2x + 1)(x - 3)
20. 2(x - 1)(2x - 1)
21. (x + 3)(x - 3)
22. (x + 5)(x - 5)
23. (-4x - 3)(x - 1)
24. (x - 4)(x + 6)
25. (2x - 9)(x + 2)

Friday, April 1, 2011

Questions on Heat for J2 and J3

Heat Problems

1. Calculate the heat energy required to heat 200.0 g of water for soup from 10 degree C to boiling point.

2. What amount of heat is needed to heat 50.0 kg of water in a dishwasher from 10 degree C to 70 degree C?

3. You have 2.50 kg of mercury at 22 degree C. You find that it requires 3.20 x 103 J of energy to raise its temperature to 32 degree C. Calculate the specific heat capacity of mercury.

4. To raise the temperature of 400.0 g of gold from 50 degree C to 75 degree C, 1.3 kJ of energy is needed. What is the specific heat capacity of gold?

5. A piece of metal with a mass of 500.0g is put into boiling water until it is the same temperature as the boiling water. It is then transferred very quickly into 200.0g of water, which is 20 degree C. The final temperature of the water and metal is 30 degree C.
a) How many joules of energy did the 200.0 g of water absorb as it was heated?
b) How many joules of energy did the metal release as it cooled?
c) What is the specific heat of the metal?

6. To cool 400. g of a solid having an initial temperature of 85 degree C, you put it into 200.g of water at 15 degree C. If the final temperature of the solid and water is 35 degree C, determine the specific heat capacity of the unknown substance.

7. 3.00 x 104 J of heat energy is added to a 1.00 kg block of aluminum that has an initial temperature of 10 degree C. The specific heat for aluminum is 9.20 x 102 J/kg°C. Calculate the final temperature.

8. An unknown piece of metal that has 0.200 kg mass is heated to 350 degree C. It is quickly placed in 0.250 kg of water at 20 degree C, which is contained in a 225 g aluminum calorimeter. The final temperature of the metal, water, and calorimeter is 38 degree C. What is the specific heat capacity of the unknown metal?

9. A 10.0 kg piece of brass at 71 degree C is placed in 20.0 kg of water that is 10 degree C. What is the final temperature of the brass and water?

Latent Heat Problems
1. Which takes more heat, melting ice or evaporating water?

2. Explain why ice is useful in coolers.

3. How much heat is given off when 3.2 kg of water freeze? Assume the temperature stays constant at 0ºC.

4. How much heat is required to change 2.5 kg of water at 20ºC to steam at 150ºC?

5. How much heat is needed to change 2.0 kg of silver at 20ºC into liquid silver? Silver melts at 961ºC.

6. How much heat is needed to change 0.50kg of ice at –20ºC into steam at 120ºC?

7. How much heat is released when 500g of steam at 250ºC is cooled to ice at –40ºC?

Sunday, March 27, 2011

J1 Science 1st Term 2011 Exam Tips

PMR Textbook Chapter 1
pg 3 - know what is natural phenomena
pg 6 - careers related in Science
pg 9 - hazard and hazard warning symbols
pg 10 & 11 - laboratory apparatus; know the names and symbols of these apparatus
pg 12 - luminous and non-luminous flames; need to know their characteristics
pg 13 - steps in scientific investigation
pg 19 & 20 - physical quantities and their units include metric prefixes. Need to know the math behind these.
pg 21 & 22 - Mass and weight. How to calculate the differences in weight on earth and moon? What balances are used to measure mass and weight?
pg 24 to 31 - correctly using measuring tools. Where you eyes should be when you are reading the scale of a ruler or the measuring cylinder? What can you measure if you only have string and ruler? How do you use callipers to measure internal and external diameters? How do you measure volume? How to measure volume of irregular objects?

PMR Textbook Chapter 2
pg 39 - what is cell?
pg 40 - microscope. Need to know who to label a microscope. Also need to understand the function of every part.
pg 41 - animal and plant cell. Need to know their similarities and differences as well as the function of each structure.
pg 46 - able to identify unicellular and multicellular organisms
pg 49 - organisation of cells. Also need to know examples of different cells, tissues, organs and systems.
pg 50 - memorise all the systems of the human body

Look through these experiments in the PMR textbook
pg 16 - activity 1.2
pg 25 - activity 1.5
pg 26 - activity 1.6
pg 29 - activity 1.8
pg 43 - activity 2.2
pg 44 - activity 2.3

UEC Textbook Introduction
pg i - common laboratory apparatus - know the name and their symbols
pg v - labelling flame
pg vii & viii - filtration, evaporation and distillation. Understand what are these and when or why to use.

UEC Textbook Chapter 1
pg 3 - summary table. Know what and when to use certain measuring tools.
Most of chapter 1 is similar to information found in PMR textbook chapter 1.

UEC Textbook Chapter 2
pg 10 & 11 - know all the 8 characteristics of living things
pg 12 - know the relationships between protoplasm, cytoplasm and nucleus
The rest of chapter 2 is similar to PMR textbook chapter 2

UEC Textbook  Chapter 3
pg 17 - know how primitive life began. Able to define these 6 terminologies; 1) evolution 2) theory of evolution 3) evidence of evolution 4) natural selection 5) survival of the fittest 6) heredity and variation

UEC Textbook Chapter 4
pg 20 - need to know the number of kingdoms being classified by Haeckel and after Haeckel and name these kingdoms. Also need to know the modes of nutrition of different organisms.

J3 Science 1st Term 2011 Exam Tips

The exam is divided into 2 papers. Paper 1 consists of 40 objective questions (40%) while paper 2 has 5 structured type subjective questions (60%). This exam includes all 3 branches of science with chemistry and biology taking up more that 75% of the overall weightage.

PHYSICS:
1. Heat Energy - knowing fuel value (q), specific heat capacity (c) and latent heat (L) is crucial. Also need to apply any or all 3 heat energy related formulae in calculation.
2. Structure of Matter - need to understand what constitute atom and molecule. The knowledge of the basic structure of atom is also very helpful. Understanding Brownian movement in discussing the Kinetic Theory of Matter and related diffusion observations is critical.
3. Heat Transfer - dish out all confusions on the understanding of conduction, convection and radiation. In conduction, the knowledge of heat conductor and insulator can be helpful. Both breezes from land and sea should be understood while the effects of black and dull surfaces have on radiation ought to be given attention. Finally need to explain how radiator is a good dispenser of heat while thermo flask is a good retainer of heat.
4. Ray Diagrams - by knowing ray diagrams for spherical mirrors as well as lenses, the positions of object have in influencing the image should be clearly understood. Need to know how to draw these ray diagrams is of utmost importance.

BIOLOGY:
1. Microorganisms - Need to be as clear as possible with these tiny creatures. Need to know as much as possible and try to make some cross references with your J1, J2 and J3 textbooks.
2. Transport and Transpiration in Plant - need to differentiate diffusion and osmosis. Need to know the structure of vascular bundle for both dicot and monocot plants. Need to understand how water and dissolved mineral salts are absorbed into plants and the forces that enable the water to move upwards in plant
3. Respiration - refer to J3 PMR textbook chapter 1.
4. Heart and Blood - refer to J3 PMR textbook chapter 2. It should be advantageous to make some cross references with J2 UEC textbook on this area especially for the understanding of blood.
5. Kidney - refer to J3 PMR textbook chapter 3.
6. Reproduction - a good understanding on asexual and sexual (human) reproduction is required. Basic understanding on sterility and birth control is also needed. Pre and post (for the new-born) natal care is a good addition to thoroughly prepare for this section.
7. Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plant - need to know the structure of flower and seed as well as the function of each.
8. Growth - knowing the growth pattern of human is crucial. However this knowledge is sufficiently summed up in these 2 growth curves. The first is Growth Curve of human in pg 83 (J3 PMR textbook) and Growth Curves for Boys and Girls Based on Height in pg 84 (J3 PMR textbook).

CHEMISTRY:
1. Mineral in Earth's Crust - J3 PMR textbook. Very very very very very important!!! Remember everything if possible. Name of compounds like silicon and calcium are crucial. You must know EVERYTHING about quicklime (Calcium Carbonate), limestone (Calcium Oxide) and slaked lime (Calcium Hydroxide - also known as lime water), from their reactions to their molecular formula to type of chemical reactions to their usage to calculating their atomic mass to almost anything that is there to know about these.
2. pH Value and Acid-Base Indicator - refer to J2 UEC textbook pg 119 & 120.
FINALLY for those who want to score full marks in the chemistry section you will need to refer to 2 online resources.
Online Resource 1: http://www.minsocam.org/msa/collectors_corner/article/oremin.htm
This is a comprehensive list of mineral ore found on almost every types of mineral. However you only need to pay attention to those that you have encountered during lessons such as aluminium, iron, copper, tin, zinc and non-metal like calcium and silicon
Online Resource 2: http://www.tutorvista.com/content/chemistry/chemistry-i/physical-chemical-changes/heat-on-substances.php
A comprehensive information on decomposition of substances by heat. You need to know what substance will be decomposed by heat and which will not. However you only need to pay attention to substances belonging to oxide, carbonate and sulphide.

This list is very comprehensive. If you pay close attention to it you can get A but if you want to get 100% you also need some general knowledge on science such as pollutions, energy related issues, human and his environment as well as some common knowledge like breathing and cooking in high altitude.

Take care and take heed.

Sunday, February 13, 2011

J3 Gang Science Test Tips (PMR Chap 3 & 4; UEC Chap 20)

PMR:

- Human Urinary System (pg 36 & 37)
- Excretion in Plants (pg 39 & 40)
- Types of Asexual and Sexual Reproduction (pg 46 - 49)
- Human Reproductive Systems (pg 50 - 52)
- Changes during Puberty (pg 52 & 53)
- Menstrual Cycle (pg 54 & 55)
- Fertilisation and Pregnancy (pg 55 - 57)
- Sterility (pg 58 & 59)
- Birth Control (pg 59 & 60)
- Pollination (pg 64 - 66)
- Develoment of Fruits and Seeds (pg 67 & 68)
- Germination of Seeds (pg 69 - 72)

UEC:
- Types of Asexual Reproductions (pg 269)
- Types of Sexual Reproduction (pg 269 & 270)
- Male Reproductive Organs (pg 275 & 276)
- Female Reproductive Organs (pg276 & 277)
- Menstrual Cycle (pg 277 & 278)
- Fertilisation, Pregnancy, Gestation Period and Labour (pg 278, 279 & 282)
- Twins (pg 282)

Diagrams:
Human Urinary System - PMR pg 36
Male Reproductive System - PMR pg 50 & UEC pg 276
Female Reproductive System - PMR pg 51 & UEC pg 276
Male and Female Gametes - PMR pg 52 & UEC pg 277
Parts of Flower - PMR 62
Fertilisation in Plants - PMR pg 67
Structure of Seed - PMR pg 69

Please note:
There are considerable amount of overlapping contents of human reproductive system between PMR and UEC. Students must be able to combine both so that answers given during test must be complete.